A NaAc-assisted large-scale coprecipitation synthesis and microwave absorption efficiency of Fe3O4 nanowires

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2011.10.093

Materials Letters

Volume 68, 1 February 2012, Pages 402-405

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.10.093 Get rights and content

Abstract

Uniform Fe₃O₄ nanowires could be synthesized via a NaAc-assisted coprecipitation method. The diameter and length of as-prepared nanowires are ~ 30 nm and ~ 500 nm, respectively. The morphology and diameter of the products can be tuned by altering the reaction conditions. The magnetic and microwave absorption properties of Fe₃O₄ nanowires and nanosheets were also investigated in detail. Magnetic studies revealed that the saturation magnetization (Ms = 68.21 emu/g) of Fe₃O₄ nanowires lower than that of the sheet-like ones (96.45 emu/g). Electromagnetic and resulting microwave adsorption properties showed the maximum magnitude for Fe₃O₄ nanowires is − 16.67 dB at 8.32 GHz, which is superiority to that of sheet-like ones (− 8.89 dB at 10.24 GHz).

Highlights

► We report the large-quantity coprecipitation synthesis of uniform Fe₃O₄ nanowires using only NaAc as electrostatic protective agent. ► The diameter and length of the nanowires are ~30 nm and ~500 nm, respectively. ► XRD result shows that as-fabricated Fe3O4 is high pure cubic phase.

Introduction

The fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) spinel ferrite nanomaterials has attracted intensive interest in recent years due to their unique anisotropic magnetic properties and potential applications in ultrahigh-density magnetic storage devices, nano-devices, and radar-absorbent materials (RAM) [1], [2], [3]. Many methods have been applied to prepare uniform 1D magnetic nanomaterials [4], [5], [6], [7]. For these nanoparticles to be used, mass production is needed. However, in most syntheses reported so far, gram-scale and small quantities of ferrite nanoparticles were produced and large-scale synthetic.

As a representative member of the spinel ferrite family, Fe₃O₄ has attracted significant research interest for its fascinating electric and magnetic properties. Recently, many methods have been applied to prepare uniform Fe₃O₄ 1D nanostructures, such as nanowires [8], nanorods [9], nanobelts [10], etc. Multistep synthetic processes, expensive solvent (such as ethylene glycol) or the use of multi-surfactants was typically required in these methods. Co-precipitation route [11] in aqueous solution is an economic and environmentally friendly synthetic strategy to obtain Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, in which ferrous (Fe^2 +) and ferric (Fe^3 +) ions co-precipitated by a base and produced Fe₃O₄ particles. But the experiment would not succeed unless it proceeded under deoxygenated protection (via entering inert gases [12] or macromolecule surfactant [13] into the reaction system) because of ferrous ion being easily oxygenated by oxygen in solution. In this work, we developed the co-precipitation synthetic route to fabricate Fe₃O₄ nanowires in large-scale. In this route, NaAc was used as protective agent, and the particles shapes can be readily controlled by changing reactive conditions and the protective agent.

Section snippets

Experimental

The chemical reaction involved in the formation of Fe₃O₄ nanowires is as follows: Firstly, hydrated ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄·7H₂O, 0.1 mol) and NaAc (0.05 mol) were added to deionized water (1.5 L) to form solution A. A certain amount of NaOH (50 g) and deionized water (0.5 L) were mixed and formed solution B. Secondly, the solutions B was dripped into the solution A under stirring (at 300 rpm) at 80 °C. Then, the reaction system was maintained at 80 °C for 3 hours (h), and then cooled down to room

Results and discussion

The shape and structure of as-prepared Fe₃O₄ powder were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fig. 1(A) shows a typical TEM image of the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, which indicates that the as-prepared sample consists of large amount of Fe₃O₄ nanowires as well as very few nanoparticles. The diameter and length of the nanowires are ~ 30 nm and are ~ 500 nm, respectively. SEM observation shows that large amount of nanowires

Conclusion

In conclusion, uniform Fe₃O₄ nanowires and nanosheets could be selectively large-scale prepared via simple coprecipitation method. Magnetic studies revealed that Ms of Fe₃O₄ nanowires are drastically lower than those of the sheet-like ones. As a potential microwave absorber, the shapes of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles have a complicated effect on electromagnetic parameters (ε′, ε′′, μ′, μ′′) and resulting microwave absorption properties. The microwave absorption property of Fe₃O₄ nanowires (the maximum

Acknowledgments

The support for this project was given by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10972076), Hunan Province Department of education platform project (No.11K022), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20110491263), and Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University and Natural Science Project of Hunan University of Technology (No.2011hzx01) is gratefully acknowledged.

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A NaAc-assisted large-scale coprecipitation synthesis and microwave absorption efficiency of Fe3O4 nanowires

Abstract

Highlights

Introduction

Section snippets

Experimental

Results and discussion

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

Mater Chem Phys

J Magn Magn Mater

Mater Res Bull

J Alloys Compd

J Phys Chem Solids

J Cryst Growth

J Alloys Compd

A NaAc-assisted large-scale coprecipitation synthesis and microwave absorption efficiency of Fe₃O₄ nanowires