Synthesis and characterization of Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposites based on silver nanoparticles colloid

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2007.02.045

Materials Letters

Volume 61, Issues 23–24, September 2007, Pages 4528-4530

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2007.02.045 Get rights and content

Abstract

Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via in situ chemical oxidation polymerization of pyrrole based on mercaptocarboxylic acid capped Ag nanoparticles colloid. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurement showed that the obtained Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposites were spherical. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurement showed that the Ag nanoparticles were inside the polypyrrole particles and had a little aggregation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were used to characterize the structure of the obtained Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposites. A possible formation mechanism of the Ag/polyrrole nanocomposites was also proposed.

Introduction

In recent years, the interest in the development of inorganic/organic composite has grown rapidly due to a wide range of potential use of these materials [1], [2]. Among these materials, one important class is that in which the organic part is conducting polymers, such as polyaniline or polypyrrole [3], [4], [5]. Polypyrrole as one of the most promising conducting polymers has received comprehensive interests due to its excellent characteristics including easy preparation, environmental stability, high conductivity and so on. The mentioned merits lead polypyrrole to have wide potential applications in various fields, such as sensors, actuators and electric devices [6], [7], [8], [9]. On the other hand, the metal nanoparticles, such as silver and gold, have attracted much attention in recent years due to their interesting properties and potential applications in technological fields [10]. Silver particles have applications in catalysis, conductive inks, thick film pastes and adhesives for various electronic components, in photonics and in photography [11], [12], [13], [14]. Therefore, the preparation of composite of polypyrrole and Ag becomes a novel challenge for people. For example, Chen et al. reported a one-step process to fabricate Ag/polypyrrole coaxial nanocables [15]. Pintér et al. reported the characterization of polypyrrole–silver nanocomposites prepared in the presence of different dopants [16]. Moreover, Lu et al. have reported the synthesis of composites of inorganic particles and polymer via introducing hydrogen and electrostatic interaction by an in situ polymerization method [17], [18]. Herein, we look forward to synthesizing the composite of polypyrrole and silver under the effects of hydrogen and electrostatic interaction based on silver nanoparticles colloid.

Section snippets

Experimental

Pyrrole was distilled under vacuum before use and other reagents were used as received.

Ag nanoparticles were prepared as follows: 2.5 mL of AgNO₃ solution (0.01 M) was added to 75 mL deionized water with stirring. After 10 min of mixing, 5 mL of mercaptocarboxylic acid solution (0.01 M) was added to the mixed solution and 2.5 mL of 0.01 M NaI solution was dripped into the mixed solution under vigorous stirring instantaneously. After 20 min of further reaction, a light yellow solution of AgI

Results and discussion

A typical SEM image of the Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposites is shown in Fig. 1a, which suggests that the product exhibits a spherical structure with diameter about 180 nm. Fig. 1b gives the TEM image of the Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposites. We can find that the Ag nanoparticles are inside the polypyrrole particles with a mean diameter of ca. 20 nm. Moreover, the Ag nanoparticles have a little aggregation in the polypyrrole particles.

The XRD pattern of the sample is presented in Fig. 2. The broad peak

Conclusions

In summary, we have synthesized Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposite based on mercaptocarboxylic acid capped Ag nanoparticles. Hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction between mercaptocarboxylic acid capped Ag nanoparticles and polypyrrole play key roles in the formation of the Ag/polypyrrole comsite. The results of SEM, TEM, XRD and FTIR measurements indicate that the Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposite is successfully prepared in our experiment.

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Citation Excerpt :
Consequently, the Ag+ cation acts as an oxidizing agent for the in situ chemical polymerization of the pyrrole monomers, resulting in the simultaneous formation of pyrrole radical cation and metallic silver (Ag0) (Step b). The PPy molecules are absorbed by hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction onto the mercaptocarboxylic acid, capping the AgNPs [41,42]; the silver nanoparticles are aggregated inside the PPy chains (Step c) [28,40,43,44]. The MPTS is widely used to prevent the agglomeration of the formed nanoparticles, due to its chemical affinity – which is associated with the presence of thiol groups – toward different noble metals [45,46].
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Synthesis and characterization of Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposites based on silver nanoparticles colloid

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Experimental

Results and discussion

Conclusions

Curr. Appl. Phys.

Electrochim. Acta

Mater. Chem. Phys.

Mater. Lett.

Eur. Polym. J.

Polymer

J. Colloid Interface Sci.

Macromolecules

Macromolecules

Chem. Mater.

Colloid Interface Sci.