Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a novel oncogene, cancer-upregulated gene 2 (CUG2)
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Expression analysis. Expression values of tumor biopsies and normal tissues were obtained from the GeneExpress Oncology Datasuite™ of Gene Logic Inc., based on the Affymetrix Human Genome U133 array set. Outliers were detected by Principal Component Analysis using MatLab program (The MathWorks, Inc.), and excluded for further analysis. We analyzed the expression profiles of normal and cancer tissue sets from the breast (normal/tumor: 27/55 samples), colon (26/37), esophagus (14/12), kidney
CUG2 is a new gene, up-regulated in tumor tissues
To discover unidentified cancer-causing genes, we used a commercially available oncology database, which contains mRNA expression profiles of around 1200 samples from tumor/normal human tissues using Affymetrix gene chip system. For more reliable analysis, we first ruled out human tissues with small number of sample sets, and then excluded outlier samples from each tissue using Principal Component Analysis. A total of 242 normal and 300 tumor samples originating from 11 different tissues were
Discussion
It is well known that a majority of oncogenes affect cellular signaling processes. The environmental signals are ultimately transferred to transcription factors or to intracellular molecules that activate transcription factors, which induces the change of the transcription pattern of the cell [5], [11]. Therefore, it is not surprising that the major targets of more than 10% of the 50 best-selling drugs approved in the United States are the transcriptional regulatory molecules [12]. This
Acknowledgments
This research was supported in part by the Grants, FG06-2-18 (to S.L.) and FG06-32-2 (to S.S.K.) of the 21C Frontier Functional Human Genome Project from Ministry of Science and Technology of Korea, and R0120050001056102005 from the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science & Engineering Foundation (to S.L.).
We thank Hyun-Ho Chung, Doo Seok Yang, and Sung-Joong Lee for technical support and helpful discussions.
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