Encapsulation by nanostructured lipid carriers

doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809436-5.00004-5

Nanoencapsulation Technologies for the Food and Nutraceutical Industries

2017, Pages 114-137

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809436-5.00004-5 Get rights and content

Abstract

In comparison to other lipid-based nanocarriers; such as nanoliposomes and nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have lately attracted much attention from the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their advantages. SLNs are novel nanoparticulate vehicles containing lipid droplets that are fully crystallized with the bioactive components being a part of the lipid matrix. SLNs were designed to combine the advantages of polymeric particles, liposomes, and emulsions and to avoid some of their disadvantages. Later, NLCs entered the nanoencapsulation field to cover the deficiencies found in SLNs. The main aim was to enhance the loading capacity and to inhibit the expulsion of bioactive compounds. They are produced by dispersion of mixture of solid and liquid lipids, and active ingredients (as inner phase) in water containing emulsifiers (as outer phase). In contrast to SLNs, the presence of liquid lipid in inner phase of NLCs cause to the possibility of entrapping active ingredients which are better solubilized in liquid lipid. This chapter focuses on the use of lipids as matrix material for nanoencapsulation of molecular actives, but also particulate actives. It covers the full range of aspects from the basic structure of the various lipid nanoparticulate systems to large-scale production and gives examples for the in vivo performance of these systems.

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