Original contributionNumerical analysis of the magnetic field for arbitrary magnetic susceptibility distributions in 3D
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2021, Physica MedicaCitation Excerpt :Further, the versatility of the device is limited since it cannot explicitly resolve other measurement sub-components such as B0 inhomogeneities. The range of χ effects in human subjects is up to a few millimetres and is tied to the strength of B0 and readout gradient (GE) [10,11]. However, in phantoms the level of χ effects are expected to be higher as quadratic geometries with multiple high discontinuity material boundaries are likely to be used for pragmatic reasons such as to minimize the design and manufacturing costs.
Spatial precision in magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiation therapy: The role of geometric distortion
2016, International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology PhysicsCitation Excerpt :Here, it can be seen that the magnitude of the distortion is proportional to the difference in susceptibility. However, to fully quantify the susceptibility-induced distortion, one needs to know the 3-dimensional (3D) distribution of susceptibilities (65-68), but this cannot be practically measured on an individual basis. Because water is diamagnetic, with the susceptibility χwater = −9 × 10−6, and air is paramagnetic, with the susceptibility χair = 3.6 × 10−7, tissue-air interfaces are most prominent for susceptibility-induced distortion (69, 70).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Acquisition Techniques for Radiotherapy Planning
2014, Seminars in Radiation OncologyCitation Excerpt :Magnetic field distributions and image distortions for simple objects, such as cylinders and spheres, can be solved analytically,16-18 whereas the magnetic field in and around the patient has to be calculated with numerical methods. Bhagwandien et al19 developed and validated a method to calculate the magnetic field distribution in and around a 3D object using a technique based on the finite difference method. Field perturbations between −5 and 6 ppm were observed outside the head and between −6 and 5 ppm inside the head near the sinuses.
Novel pore size-controlled, susceptibility matched, 3D-printed MRI phantoms
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