Trends in Neurosciences
ReviewReceptor-mediated activation of phospholipase A2 via GTP-binding proteins: arachidonic acid and its metabolites as second messengers
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2023, Phospholipases in Physiology and Pathology: Volumes 1-7Aspirin and celecoxib may help to rectify a neurotransmission imbalance in bipolar disorder
2021, Medical HypothesesCitation Excerpt :In unanesthetized rats, furthermore, chronic lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine or lamotrigine modulated neurotransmission involving AA as a second messenger. These drugs reduced brain AA signals in response to agonists of ionotropic N-methyl-D aspartic acid (NMDA), D2 or 5-HT2A/2C receptors, all of which can be coupled to direct activation of Ca2+-independent cytosolic phospholipase A2 IVA (cPLA2) and secondarily to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 [9–11]. COX enzymes oxidize unesterified AA within the “AA cascade” to highly bioactive eicosanoids.
A sensitive and improved throughput UPLC–MS/MS quantitation method of total cytochrome P450 mediated arachidonic acid metabolites that can separate regio-isomers and cis/trans-EETs from human plasma
2018, Chemistry and Physics of LipidsCitation Excerpt :Representative molecules from each class of eicosanoid of interest are shown in Fig. 2. EETs, HETEs, and DHETs are pleiotropic signaling molecules associated with wide ranging and often opposing effects (Roman, 2002; Axelrod et al., 1988; Capdevila et al., 2000), demonstrating the necessity for a method to comprehensively quantify all eicosanoids within a single sample. 12-HETE has been shown to promote carcinogenesis and tumor angiogenesis, while 15-HETE has been shown to promote cell apoptosis (Larsson et al., 2004).
Arachidonic acid stimulates DNA synthesis in brown preadipocytes through the activation of protein kinase C and MAPK
2012, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of LipidsCitation Excerpt :AA is then metabolized into compounds of a greater biological activity such as prostaglandins and thromboxanes via the cycloxygenase system, and to leukotrienes and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) via the lipoxygenase pathway [2]. AA has a role in many biological processes, such as chemotaxis, inflammation and signal transduction [3,4]. In addition to these functions, AA has a role in the stimulation of cell proliferation.
Imaging brain signal transduction and metabolism via arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid in animals and humans
2012, Brain Research BulletinCitation Excerpt :This has limited our understanding of how and where acutely or chronically administered drugs act in the brain, how these drugs modulate behavior and cognition, and how age, disease, genetic or dietary factors influence their signaling effects. Furthermore, it has only been since about 1988 [8] that pharmacologists began to realize that, like phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase, phospholipase A2 (PLA2, EC 3.1.1.4) is a major effector enzyme coupled to neuroreceptors by G proteins to initiate arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n−6) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n−3) release as a second messenger. Nevertheless, a major neuropharmacology text [65] has largely ignored drug or functionally induced PLA2 signaling.