Suppressive effects of coffee on the SOS responses induced by UV and chemical mutagens

doi:10.1016/0165-7992(86)90124-7

Mutation Research Letters

Volume 175, Issue 2, October 1986, Pages 47-50

https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(86)90124-7 Get rights and content

Abstract

SOS-inducing activity of UV or chemical mutagens (AF-2, 4NQO and MNNG) was strongly suppressed by instant coffee in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. As decaffeinated instant coffee showed a similarly strong suppressive effect, it would seem that caffeine, a known inhibitor of SOS responses, is not responsible for the effect observed. The suppression was also shown by freshly brewed coffee extracts. However, the suppression was absent in green coffee-bean extracts. These results suggest that coffee contains some substance(s) which, apart from caffeine, suppresses SOS-inducing activity of UV or chemical mutagens and that the suppressive substance(s) are produced by roasting coffee beans.

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Caffeine inhibits cell transformation by 4-nitroquiniline-1-oxide
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There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (23)

Electrochemical mutagen screening using microbial chip
2006, Biosensors and Bioelectronics
Electrochemical microbial chip for mutagen screening were microfabricated and characterized by scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 with a plasmid pSK1002 carrying a umuC‘–’lacZ fusion gene was used for the whole cell mutagen sensor. The TA1535/pSK1002 cells were exposed to mutagen solutions containing 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamido (AF-2), mitomycin C (MMC) or 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA) and embedded in a microcavity (5 nl) on a glass substrate using collagen gel. The β-galactosidase expression on the microbial chip was electrochemically monitored using p-aminophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside (PAPG) as the enzymatic substrate. This system has several advantages compared with the conventional umu test: drastic reduction of the sample volume, less time-consuming for β-galactosidase detection (free from substrate reaction time) and lower detection limit for the three mutagens (AF-2, MMC, 2-AA). Finally, a multi-sample assay was carried out using the microbial array chip with four microcavities.
Anti-genotoxicity of coffee against N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in mouse lymphoma cells
2004, Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
Citation Excerpt :
Stich et al. [31] were the first to report that coffee can inhibit the mutagenicity of nitrosamines. Subsequently, Obana et al. [32] reported the suppressive effect of coffee on the induction of SOS repair in Salmonella typhimurium by UV and genotoxic chemicals, which also included MNNG. These observations have been strengthened by the present work showing the antigenotoxic effect of coffee against MNNG in mammalian cells.
The main aim of this work was to test the hypothesis that instant coffee, a commonly consumed polyphenolic beverage with antioxidant activity, can protect mammalian cells against genotoxic effects in vitro. For this purpose, the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line was selected to assess modulatory effects of coffee on the genotoxicity of N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). We initiated the work with a set of preliminary experiments in which the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test was performed. Results obtained from these experiments demonstrated a dose-related decrease in genotoxicity following co-treatment of mouse lymphoma cells with three doses of caffeinated instant coffee. Both pre-treatment and co-treatment showed significant antigenotoxic effects against MNNG. Caffeinated and decaffeinated instant coffee samples inhibited genotoxicity. There was no significant change in the antigenotoxic effect of caffeinated instant coffee after filtration using a 0.2 μm filter. Similar in vitro experiments demonstrated antigenotoxic effects against MNNG when boiled coffee was used instead of instant coffee.
On the basis of the findings from the above preliminary experiments, further work was carried out to evaluate the possible protective effects of caffeinated instant coffee against MNNG-induced DNA damage, mutation and chromosomal damage. Results from three or five independent experiments demonstrated significant protective effects of caffeinated instant coffee against MNNG-induced DNA damage in the comet assay, mutation at the Tk locus and chromosomal damage in the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test.
Anti-genotoxic effects in mice after the interaction between coffee and dietary constituents
1996, Food and Chemical Toxicology
The interaction between coffee (100 mg freeze-dried home brew/kg body weight) and dietary constituents was assessed for anti-genotoxic effects against cyclophosphamide, N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), N-nitroso-N-ethylurea, mitomycin C and urethane (URE) in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. Combinations of dietary constituents consisting of (1) chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid and ferulic acid, (2) β-carotene, curcumin and α-tocopherol, (3) chlorogenic acid, curcumin, α-tocopherol, anethole and eugenol, and (4) β-carotene, curcumin, ellagic acid and chlorogenic acid were used in this study. Before the genotoxin was injected ip, identical groups of mice were orally administered either vehicle control, coffee, dietary constituents, or coffee plus dietary constituents. Co-administration of coffee with the dietary constituents enhanced the anti-genotoxic effect compared with that of either coffee or the dietary constituents alone. Two-factor analysis of variance of the data suggests that there is a significant synergistic interaction between coffee and the dietary constituents for anti-genotoxic effects against MNNG (combination 1 and 2) and URE (combination 4).
Inhibitory effect of curcumin on SOS functions induced by UV irradiation
1995, Mutation Research Letters
The antigenotoxic effects of curcumin, including the inhibition of SOS induction and mutagenesis by UV light, were investigated in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 and Escherichia coli K-12 strains. Induction of the SOS gene (umuC) expression was assayed by measuring accumulated β-galactosidase activity. We found that curcumin blocked umuC induction promoted by UV irradiation in a dose-dependent manner. Also, with another SOS response, Weigle reactivation, we observed that curcumin effectively inhibited phage reactivation by UV irradiation. Furthermore, we tested the effect of curcumin on UV mutagenesis. We showed that mutagenesis induced by UV irradiation was suppressed by the addition of curcumin. Together these results indicate that curcumin acts as an inhibitor of SOS functions including UV mutagenesis.
The inhibitory effects of coffee on radical-mediated oxidation and mutagenicity
1994, Mutation Research Regular Papers
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) has been implicated as a major contributor to coffee mutagenicity and genotoxicity in vitro. We have used three assays to show the gradual formation of H₂O₂ in freshly prepared roasted ground coffee and in instant coffees over time reaching levels of 400–450 μM after a 1-h incubation period. Formation of H₂O₂ occurs through an auto-oxidation process where polyphenolics, in the presence of transition metals, reduce atmospheric oxygen. However, because of these polyphenolics, coffee also possesses in vitro antioxidant activity as shown by its capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation in Fenton-catalysed hydroxylation reactions. The pro- and antioxidative effects of coffee are also reflected in its mutagenic and antimutagenic activity in the Ames test. Coffee is directly mutagenic in strains TA100 and TA102 due to H₂O₂ formation. However, coffee is also an antioxidant and antimutagen. This beverage exerts a strong protective effect against the mutagenicity and cytotoxicity induced by the oxidant t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BOOH). Thus, coffee, like many antioxidants, exhibits dual effects in vitro which are highly dependent upon parameters such as dose, atmospheric oxygen, transition metals as well as the biological and chemical endpoints used for measurement. Consequently, the data obtained on the pro- and antioxidant properties of foods and beverages from in vitro bioassays must be interpreted with caution and the results are not easily extrapolated in vivo to assess the impact on human health.
Potential genotoxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of coffee: A review
1994, Mutation Research/Reviews in Genetic Toxicology
Coffee and caffeine are mutagenic to bacteria and fungi, and in high concentrations they are also mutagenic to mammalian cells in culture. However, the mutagenic effects of coffee disappear when bacteria or mammalian cells are cultured in the presence of liver extracts which contain detoxifying enzymes. In vivo, coffee and caffeine are devoid of mutagenic effects. Coffee and caffeine are able to interact with many other mutagens and their effects are synergistic with X-rays, ultraviolet light and some chemical agents. Caffeine seems to potentiate rather than to induce chromosomal aberrations and also to transform sublethal damage of mutagenic agents into lethal damage. Conversely, coffee and caffeine are also able to inhibit the mutagenic effects of numerous chemicals. These antimutagenic effects depend on the time of administration of coffee as compared to the acting time of the mutagenic agent. In that case, caffeine seems to be able to restore the normal cycle of mitosis and phosphorylation in irradiated cells. Finally, the potential genotoxic and mutagenic effects of the most important constituents of coffee are reviewed. Mutagenicity of caffeine is mainly attributed to chemically reactive components such as aliphatic dicarbonyls. The latter compounds, formed during the roasting process, are mutagenic to bacteria but less to mammalian cells. Hydrogen peroxide is not very active but seems to considerably enhance mutagenic properties of methylglyoxal. Phenolic compounds are not mutagenic but rather anticarcinogenic. Benzopyrene and mutagens formed during pyrolysis are not mutagenic whereas roasting of coffee beans at high temperature generates mutagenic heterocyclic amines. In conclusion, the mutagenic potential of coffee and caffeine has been demonstrated in lower organisms, but usually at doses several orders of magnitude greater than the estimated lethal dose for caffeine in humans. Therefore, the chances of coffee and caffeine consumption in moderate to normal amounts to induce mutagenic effects in humans are almost nonexistent.

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Mutation Research Letters

Abstract

References (14)

Caffeine-sensitive repair of ultraviolet light-damaged DNA of mouse L cells

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

Mutagenicity of instant coffee on cultured Chinese hamster lung cells

Mutation Res.

Evaluation of the new system (umu-test) for the detection of environmental mutagens and carcinogens

Mutation Res.

Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test

Mutation Res.

Recent research on environment mutagens

Nippon Nougeikagaku Kaisi

Caffeine inhibits cell transformation by 4-nitroquiniline-1-oxide

Nature (London)

Cited by (23)

Electrochemical mutagen screening using microbial chip

Anti-genotoxicity of coffee against N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in mouse lymphoma cells

Anti-genotoxic effects in mice after the interaction between coffee and dietary constituents

Inhibitory effect of curcumin on SOS functions induced by UV irradiation

The inhibitory effects of coffee on radical-mediated oxidation and mutagenicity

Potential genotoxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of coffee: A review

Research letterSuppressive effects of coffee on the SOS responses induced by UV and chemical mutagens

Abstract

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

Mutation Res.

Mutation Res.

Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test

Mutation Res.

Recent research on environment mutagens

Nippon Nougeikagaku Kaisi

Caffeine inhibits cell transformation by 4-nitroquiniline-1-oxide

Nature (London)

Research letter
Suppressive effects of coffee on the SOS responses induced by UV and chemical mutagens