[14] Skeletal muscle mitochondria

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Bulk of the muscle tissue consists of myofibrils, and the mitochondria, as a rule, constitute a much smaller portion of the total mass of the tissue than in other organs. A crucial difference in the preparation of mitochondria from skeletal muscle as compared with other tissues is that sucrose, or in general, nonelectrolytes, cannot be used with advantage as the homogenizing medium. Like mitochondria from most animal tissues, skeletal muscle mitochondria contain the respiratory chain catalysts, cytochromes a, c, and b, ubiquinone, flavins, and pyridine nucleotides. The contents of the individual cytochromes and pyridine nucleotides and of ubiquinone in mitochondria from pigeon breast and rat leg muscle are presented in the chapter. Characteristic of skeletal muscle mitochondria is a high content of ubiquinone and a low content of NADP+. The respiratory activities of mitochondria from pigeon breast and human and rat skeletal muscle with various substrates are summarized. Skeletal muscle mitochondria also resemble mitochondria from other tissues in their capacity to catalyze the oxidation of various Krebs cycle metabolites. The chapter also discusses the assay for the respiration of isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria that can be measured by the conventional manometric or polarographie methods.

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