Interphase and trophic relationships of metals in a Southern Baltic ecosystem
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Lead isotopic signatures in blood from incubating common eiders (Somateria mollissima) in the central Baltic Sea
2020, Environment InternationalCitation Excerpt :Even with a total ban, lead ammunition can remain buried in the sediment for years (Mateo and Kanstrup, 2019) or degrade and enter the food web in smaller particles (Right et al., 1997). Pb has not shown to bioaccumulate in the Baltic Sea biota (Szefer, 1991) meaning that limiting ingestion would substantially lower concentrations found in wildlife (Helander et al., 2009). However, without unanimous legislation banning Pb ammunition, we cannot hope to preserve the health and success of the Baltic/Wadden Flyway population.
Blood and bone lead levels in South Africa's Gyps vultures: Risk to nest-bound chicks and comparison with other avian taxa
2019, Science of the Total EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :Another possible avenue of lead exposure is biomagnification, whereby pollutants become more concentrated with increasing trophic level (Franson and Pain, 2011). Although an animal can bioaccumulate lead in some of its tissues over its lifetime, biomagnification of lead is minimal (ATSDR, 2007; Eisler, 1988; Farag et al., 1997; Szefer, 1991; USEPA, 2006), on account of its low trophic bioavailability (i.e. the fact that most lead is sequestered in calcified tissues such as bone, and is rarely found in the muscle tissue and organs favoured by predators) and a sequential Ca2+ biopurification process lowering [Pb]/[Ca2+] ratios stepwise up the food chain (Mager, 2012; Patterson, 1980). It has been found that, in general, [Pb] is lower in predators than their prey, since rapid excretion occurs and absorption of metals across the gut tends to be incomplete (Fowler, 1982; Luoma, 1983; Szefer, 1991).
Uranium bioaccumulation in a freshwater ecosystem: Impact of feeding ecology
2012, Aquatic ToxicologyCitation Excerpt :The experimental design of these more mechanistic studies make it difficult to extrapolate the knowledge gained to field studies where organisms often live for generations in U-contaminated waters. To our knowledge there have been only two earlier studies conducted 30 years ago that examined the accumulation of U in freshwater aquatic foodwebs (Mahon, 1982; Swanson, 1985), and in addition there have been two slightly more recent marine studies conducted in northern ecosystems (Szefer, 1991; Campbell et al., 2005). In nature, aquatic organisms are exposed to uranium through both ambient water and food.