Determination of urea in serum by a fiber-optic fluorescence biosensor
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Preparation of Ni nanotube-modified electrodes via galvanic displacement on sacrificial Zn templates: Solvent effects and attempts for non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of urea
2020, Microchemical JournalCitation Excerpt :Although it seems that urea has not been specifically included in the effluent guidelines, to develop an effective approach to determine urea in aqueous samples is important because urea in waters promotes the uncontrolled growth of algae and it can be naturally degraded into toxic ammonia, nitrate and nitrite; the permissible levels of the degradation products in drinking water have been standardized [7,8]. Various approaches were developed to determine urea [9–13]. However, most of them relied on the determination of ammonia produced from catalytic hydrolysis of urea via urease [14–16].
Development of sensitive impedimetric urea biosensor using DC sputtered Nano-ZnO on TiO<inf>2</inf> thin film as a novel hierarchical nanostructure transducer
2018, Sensors and Actuators, B: ChemicalCitation Excerpt :Therefore, the growth of cost effective procedure for efficient recognition of urea levels is of utmost importance. Numerous direct spectroscopic methods are accessible for urea quantification, but they usually involve pretreatment or conditioning [3–5]. Nowadays, urea biosensors are favored because of their easy, fast, cost effective, and well-organized performance.