Elsevier

Survey of Ophthalmology

Volume 24, Issue 6, May–June 1980, Pages 621-664
Survey of Ophthalmology

Review
Low tension glaucoma: A critical review and new material

https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-6257(80)90123-XGet rights and content

Abstract

Low tension glaucoma (LTG) is a condition consisting of typical glaucomatous disc and field changes, an open angle and pressures within the statistically normal range. The controversy surrounding low tension glaucoma pertains not only to the definition and characteristics of the entity itself, but to the fundamental questions it raises regarding the causal relationship between intraocular pressure and disc and field changes. This review of LTG is based on material from three major sources: Sjögren's review from 1857 to 1946; the author's review of the world literature from 1947 through 1979; and an analysis of 32 of the author's cases. 767 cases from clinic and private practice and 241 cases from defined populations are considered. Definitions, incidence, characteristics, differential diagnosis and management of LTG are discussed, as are its relationship to primary open angle glaucoma and its possible association with various other entities. Pathogenesis and possible mechanisms are also explored.

References (309)

  • M.F. Armaly

    Statistical attributes of the steroid hypertensive response in the clinically normal eye

    Invest Ophthalmol

    (1965)
  • M.F. Armaly

    On the distribution of applanation pressure and arcuate scotoma

  • M.F. Armaly
  • M.F. Armaly

    Genetic determination of cup/disc ratio of optic nerve

    Arch Ophthalmol

    (1967)
  • M.F. Armaly

    Ocular pressure and visual fields. A ten-year follow up

    Arch Ophthalmol

    (1969)
  • M.F. Armaly

    Optic cup in normal and glaucomatous eyes

    Invest Ophthalmol

    (1970)
  • M.F. Armaly

    Annu Rev.

    Arch Ophthalmol

    (1973)
  • M.F. Armaly et al.

    Biostatistical analysis of collaborative glaucoma study

  • E Aulhorn et al.

    Early visual field defects in glaucoma

  • M.P. Bailliart

    Considérations clinique sur l'excavation atrophique du nerf optique sans hypertension oculaire

    Bull Soc Franc Ophthalmol

    (1933)
  • E.J. Ballantine

    Clinical tonography

    (1954)
    H.G. Ourgard et al.
  • J.L.K. Bankes et al.

    Bedford Glaucoma Survey

    Br Med J

    (1968)
  • B Becker et al.

    Clinical aqueous outflow

    Arch Ophthalmol

    (1953)
  • I.S. Begg et al.

    Hemorrhage on the disc — a sign of ischemic optic neuropathy in chronic simple glaucoma

    Can J Ophthalmol

    (1970)
  • I.S. Begg et al.

    Ischaemic optic neuropathy in chronic simple glaucoma

    Br J Ophthalmol

    (1971)
  • I.S. Begg et al.

    Fluorescein angiography in the evaluation of focal circulatory ischaemia of the optic nerve head in relation to the arcuate scotoma in glaucoma

    Can J Ophthalmol

    (1972)
  • J Berkson

    Pseudoglaucoma progressing to blindness with calcification of the carotid artery

    Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK

    (1951)
  • C Bessas

    Longterm followup of a case of von Graefe's disease

    Arch Soc Optalmol Grèce Nord

    (1972)
  • W Best

    Glaucoma ohne Hohdruck

    Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

    (1971)
  • HL Birge

    pseudoglaucoma

    Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc

    (1962)
  • HL Birge

    Pseudoglaucoma

    Conn Med

    (1964)
  • F Bjerrum

    Om en tilføjelse til den saedvanlige synfletsundersøgelse samt om synsfeltet ved glaucom

    Nord Ophthalmol Tidsskr

    (1889)
  • RK Blach et al.

    The glaucomatous disc in degenerative myopia

    Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK

    (1965)
  • HA Blazar et al.

    Pseudoglaucoma

    Arch Ophthalmol

    (1950)
  • S Bloomfield

    The results of surgery for lowtension glaucoma

    Am J Ophthalmol

    (1953)
  • A Bouzas et al.

    La décoloration papillaire dans les hémorrhagies gastro-intestinals

    Bull Soc Fr Ophthalmol

    (1975)
  • GC Brown et al.

    Congenital pits of the optic nerve head. II. Clinical studies in humans

    Ophthalmology

    (1980)
  • B Cagianut

    Zur verteilung der augendrucke in der normalen bevölkerung

    Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

    (1978)
  • M Celotti et al.

    Pseudoglaucoma con amaurosis isterica

    Atti Soc Oftal Lombarda

    (1952)
  • PA Chandler

    Long-term results in glaucoma therapy

    Am J Ophthalmol

    (1960)
  • PA Chandler et al.PA Chandler et al.
  • M Chervin

    Glaucoma por hipersecretion. Glaucoma sin hipertension. Seudoglaucoma

    Arch Oftalmol Buenos Aires

    (1967)
  • LC Chumbley et al.

    Low tension glaucoma

    Am J Ophthalmol

    (1976)
  • DG Cogan
  • W Comberg

    Glaukom ohne Hochdruck-Paraglaukom

    Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

    (1954)
  • W Comberg

    Paraglaucoma — posterius et anterius

    Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd

    (1955)
  • P.M. Corboy

    Low tension glaucoma in Hawaii

  • P.M. Corboy

    Concepts Y aspectos de glaucoma de baja presion

    Arch Soc Espanols Oftalmol

    (1972)
  • JL Couderc

    Glaucome, a basse tension

    Clin Ophtal

    (1976)
  • S.J. Crews et al.

    Drug and nutritional factors in optic neuropathy

    Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK

    (1970)
  • Cited by (317)

    View all citing articles on Scopus
    View full text