Motor learning after recovery from hemiparesis

doi:10.1016/0028-3932(94)90103-1

Neuropsychologia

Volume 32, Issue 10, October 1994, Pages 1209-1223

https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(94)90103-1 Get rights and content

Abstract

Twenty patients who had almost completely recovered from hemiparesis following unilateral cerebrovascular accident and 16 control subjects had to perform motor learning tasks including a three-dimensional motor problem and two standard precision tests. The ability of hemiparetic patients to solve simple spatial—motor problems and to gain by training was preserved with limitations concerning high precision control. However, hemiparetic patients had a higher demand for time and corrections, as well as a reduced consistency of performance. Thus recovery from hemiparesis was accompanied by reduced skillfulness and automaticity of motor control.

References (38)

S. Corkin
Acquisition of motor skill after bilateral medial temporal-lobe excision
Neuropsychologia
(1968)
K.Y. Haaland et al.
Hemispheric control of the initial and corrective components of aiming movements
Neuropsychologia
(1989)
D.L. Harrington et al.
Hemispheric specialization for motor sequencing: Abnormalities in levels of programming
Neuropsychologia
(1991)
G.W. Jason
Hemispheric asymmetries in motor function: I. Left-hemisphere specialization for memory but not performance II. Ordering does not contribute to left-hemisphere specialization
Neuropsychologia
(1983)
G.W. Jason
Hemispheric asymmetries in motor function: I. Left-hemisphere specialization for memory but not performance II. Ordering does not contribute to left-hemisphere specialization
Neuropsychologia
(1983)
P.W. Nathan et al.
Effects of two unilateral cordotomies on the motility of the lower limbs
Brain
(1973)
W. Abend et al.
Human arm trajectory formation
Brain
(1982)
O. Anderson et al.
Grundlagen der Statistik
(1978)
N. Bernstein
The Co-ordination and Regulation of Movements
(1967)
J.-P. Brion et al.
Evidence of cortical reorganization in hemiparetic patients
Stroke
(1989)
L.G. Carlton
Movement control characteristics of aiming responses
Ergonomics
(1980)

F. Chollet et al.

The functional anatomy of motor recovery after stroke in humans: A study with positron emission tomography

Ann. Neurol.

(1991)

J.D. Fisk et al.

The effects of unilateral brain damage on visually guided reaching: Hemispheric differences in the nature of the deficit

Brain Res.

(1988)

H.-J. Freund

Recovery of motor functions after stroke

Eur. J. Neurosci.

(1992)

A.P. Georgopoulos

Higher order motor control

Ann. Rev. Neurosci.

(1991)

A.P. Georgopoulos et al.

Relations between two-dimensional arm movements and single-cell discharge in motor cortex and area 5: Movement direction versus movement end point

S. Higgins

Motor skill acquisition

Phys. Ther.

(1991)

N. Hogan

An organising principle for a class of voluntary movements

J. Neurosci.

(1984)

N. Hogan

Planning and execution of multijoint movements

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

(1988)

J.M. Hollerbach

Computers, brain and the control of movement

Cited by (107)

A computerized assessment tool for the upper extremities motor performance in individuals with Parkinson's disease
2024, Biomedical Signal Processing and Control
Computerized assessment of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients' motor performance can pave the way to subject-specific design of the rehabilitative interventions. The objective is to propose a computerized assessment tool for upper extremities motor performance in PD. It is based on kinematic indices and a virtual reality exergaming system. The reliability, construct and discriminative validity of the proposed tool were investigated.
A set of virtual tasks was designed and integrated to the therapeutic programs of the participants including uni/bimanual, in-phase/anti-phase hand movements on the less/more affected sides. 33 persons with PD participated in a test re-test study to determine the reliability, discriminative validity on the medication states, and validity of the kinematic indices. Clinical assessments, including Box and Block Test, 9-Hole Peg Test, Movement Disorders Society motor section of the Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS III), were performed for validity assessment.
Task type has a significant impact on the validity of the indices. Reaching tasks were shown to be superior. Besides, it was demonstrated that a minimum of 3 repeats is needed for reliable results in the proposed setting. Jerk indices, curvature, and spectral speed metrics lack either reliability or validity. Temporal speed metrics have superior reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ICC ≥ 0.9) and validity (Pearson ≥ 0.6) in reaching tasks.
Temporal speed metrics and point reaching virtual tasks were shown to have high potentials for objective assessment of upper extremity (UE) motor performance in PD in the context of a virtual reality exergaming rehab program.
Movement smoothness during dynamic postural control to a static target differs between autistic and neurotypical children
2023, Gait and Posture
Autistic children and adults have known differences in motor performance, including postural instability and atypical gross motor control. Few studies have specifically tested dynamic postural control. This is the first study to quantify movement smoothness and its relationship to task performance during lateral dynamic postural control tasks in autism.
We sought to test the hypothesis that autistic children would have less smooth movements to lateral static targets compared to neurotypical children, and that this difference would relate to specific movement strategies.
We used camera-based motion-capture to measure spatiotemporal characteristics of lateral movement of a marker placed on the C7 vertebrae, and of markers comprising trunk and pelvis segments during a dynamic postural movements to near and far targets administered in an immersive virtual environment. We tested a sample of 15 autistic children and 11 age-matched neurotypical children. We quantified movement smoothness using log dimensionless jerk.
Autistic children exhibited more medial-lateral pelvic position range of motion compared to neurotypical children, and used a stepping strategy more often compared to neurotypical children. Autistic children also had higher log dimensionless jerk than neurotypical children for motion of the C7 marker. All participants had higher log dimensionless jerk for far targets than for near targets. Autistic children had longer trial durations than neurotypical children, and younger children had longer trial durations than older children across diagnostic groups.
The stepping strategy observed more often in the autistic group likely contributed to log dimensionless jerk and reduced movement smoothness. This strategy is indicative of either an attempt to prevent an impending loss of balance, or an attempt to compensate for and recover from a loss of balance once it is detected.
A single session of trip-specific training modifies trunk control following treadmill induced balance perturbations in stroke survivors
2019, Gait and Posture
Individuals with stroke are at significant risk of falling. Trip-specific training is a targeted training approach that has been shown to reduce falls in older adults and amputees by enhancing the compensatory stepping response required to prevent a fall. Still, individuals with stroke have unique deficits (e.g. spasticity) which draws into question if this type of training will be effective for this population.
Evaluate if a single session of trip-specific training can modify the compensatory stepping response (trunk movement, step length/duration, reaction time) of individuals with chronic stroke.
Sixteen individuals with unilateral chronic stroke participated in a single session of trip-specific training consisting of 15 treadmill perturbations. A falls assessment consisting of 3 perturbations was completed before and after training. Recovery step kinematics measured during the pre- and post-test were compared using a repeated measures design. Furthermore, Fallers (those who experienced at least one fall during the pre- or post-test) were compared to Non-fallers.
Trip-specific training decreased trunk movement post perturbation. Specifically following training, Trunk flexion was 48 and 19 percent smaller on the small and medium perturbations at the end of the first compensatory step. Fallers (9 out of 16 subjects) post-training resembled Non-Fallers pre-training. Specifically, Trunk flexion at the completion of the first step during small and medium perturbations was not different between Fallers post-training and Non-Fallers pre-training. Still enthusiasm was tempered because Trunk flexion at the largest perturbation (where most falls occurred) was not changed and therefore total falls were not reduced as a result of this training.
Our results indicate that trip-specific training modifies the dynamic falls response immediately following trip-like treadmill perturbations. However, the incidence of falls was not reduced with a single training session. Further study of the implications and length of the observed intervention effect are warranted.
Gaming for the Brain: Video Gaming to Rehabilitate the Upper Extremity After Stroke
2018, Neuromodulation: Comprehensive Textbook of Principles, Technologies, and Therapies, Second Edition: Volume 1-3
This chapter discusses the pros and cons of rehabilitation gaming as an approach to upper extremity rehabilitation after a stroke. Gaming as a means of rehabilitation can expand access to rehabilitation services for rural dwellers or those with limited access to transportation. It can expand the scope of care, increase repetitions, and increase engagement. Virtual rehabilitation approaches appear favored over usual care for treating upper limb disability. When adopting virtual reality into rehabilitation programs, it is critical to combine in-game practice with techniques to promote carryover of training into daily living. Through analysis of continuous motion capture, gaming systems have the potential to advance the field by enabling personalized treatment recommendations.
Immersive Virtual Reality Enhanced Reinforcement Induced Physical Therapy (EVEREST) A pilot case–control study of virtual reality-enhanced upper limb rehabilitation for stroke survivors
2023, Research Square
Effect of Aging and Cortical Stroke on Motor Adaptation to Overground Gait-Slips: Quantifying Differences in Adaptation Rate and Adaptation Plateau
2023, Biomechanics (Switzerland)

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

Motor learning after recovery from hemiparesis

Abstract

Neuropsychologia

Neuropsychologia

Neuropsychologia

Neuropsychologia

Neuropsychologia

Brain

Human arm trajectory formation

Brain

Grundlagen der Statistik

The Co-ordination and Regulation of Movements

Evidence of cortical reorganization in hemiparetic patients

Stroke

Movement control characteristics of aiming responses

Ergonomics

The functional anatomy of motor recovery after stroke in humans: A study with positron emission tomography

Ann. Neurol.

The effects of unilateral brain damage on visually guided reaching: Hemispheric differences in the nature of the deficit

Brain Res.

Recovery of motor functions after stroke

Eur. J. Neurosci.

Higher order motor control

Ann. Rev. Neurosci.

Relations between two-dimensional arm movements and single-cell discharge in motor cortex and area 5: Movement direction versus movement end point

Motor skill acquisition

Phys. Ther.

An organising principle for a class of voluntary movements

J. Neurosci.

Planning and execution of multijoint movements

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

Computers, brain and the control of movement