Section 1. Glass transition and related topics
The recoverable compliance of amorphous materials

https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(94)90431-6Get rights and content

Abstract

The viscosity, η, and the recoverable compliance, Jr(t), of three super-cooled liquids have been determined in the neighborhood of the glass temperature, Tg, and at high temperatures. The liquids were a chlorinated biphenyl, Monsanto Aroclor 1248, bis(m-(m-phenoxy phenoxy) phenyl)ether, and 1,2 diphenyl benzene, which is commonly called ortho terphenyl. Bona fide Tgs for these liquids were determined from dilatometric cooling measurements. The recoverable compliances were a linear function of the cube root of the time at short times. This linearity is called Andrade creep. At longer times, steady-state recoverable compliances were achieved. Within the limits of confidence of the Tgs, the viscosities and the Andrade coefficients at Tg were the same. Other amorphous materials have similar Andrade coefficients, but polymers have differing viscosities at Tg.

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      The retardation spectrum in all cases gives no information of the viscosity whose values contribute to the entire viscoelastic behavior of the creep compliance. Viscous information is available in the creep compliance reports of the materials [9,15,17,18]. At this point, the same viscoelastic mechanisms by the Andrade motions are investigated and seen as the contributions ε', the dielectric storage behavior, and ε", the loss contributions to the permittivity.

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