Control of electroosmosis in coated quartz capillaries

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Abstract

Analytical particle microelectrophoresis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of various coatings for control of the electroosmotic fluid flow that hinders electrophoretic processes. Mobilities of 2-μm-diameter glass and polystyrene latex spheres, exhibiting both negative and zero effective surface charge, were measured in 2-mm-diameter quartz capillaries filled with NaCl solutions within the pH range of 3.5 to 7.8. Covalent coating of capillary inner surfaces with poly(ethylene glycol) caused a reduction in the degree of electroosmotic flow which was related to the poly(ethylene glycol) molecular weight. Poly(ethylene glycol) coatings of 5000 molecular weight, or higher, greatly reduced electroosmosis within the selected pH range, were stable for long periods of time, and appeared to be more effective than dextran, methylcellulose, or silane coatings. Because of these characteristics, poly(ethylene glycol) coatings should be of considerable use for improving various electrophoretic processes as well as in the production of standard particles exhibiting controlled electrophoretic mobilities.

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