ArticleAutonomic responses to stress in Vietnam combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder☆
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2021, Journal of Affective Disorders ReportsCitation Excerpt :Other studies in PTSD found increased peripheral concentrations of NE and its metabolites in urine and plasma (De Bellis et al., 1999; De Bellis et al., 1994; Lemieux and Coe, 1995; Mason et al., 1988; Yehuda et al., 1998) as well as cerebrospinal fluid at baseline (Geracioti et al., 2001). In PTSD patients, exposure to traumatic reminders increased symptoms of PTSD and increased NE and its metabolites, in addition to increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and skin conductance (Blanchard et al., 1986; Blanchard et al., 1982; Blanchard et al., 1991; Malloy et al., 1983; McFall et al., 1990; McFall et al., 1992; Orr et al., 1998; Orr et al., 1995; Orr et al., 1993; Orr and Roth, 2000; Shalev et al., 1998). Challenge to the NE system of patients with PTSD with the alpha2 adrenergic receptor antagonist, yohimbine, had similar effects (Bremner et al., 1997; Southwick et al., 1997; Southwick et al., 1993).
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This research was supported by NIH Biomedical Research Support Grant #507RR0543-26 administered through the University of Washington School of Medicine. Additional support was provided by a Career Development Award from the Veterans Administration (MMM), by the Veterans Administration Medical Center Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, and by the Research Service of the VA.