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Biological Aerosol Particles in Polluted Regions

  • Air Pollution (H Zhang and Y Sun, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Biological aerosol particles play a crucial role in the Earth system, particularly in the land/ocean-atmosphere interactions. This paper aims to summarize the up-to-date research progresses on the characteristics, biomarkers as well as the health-related, climatic and ecological effects of biological aerosol particles in polluted regions, especially in East Asia and South Asia.

Recent Findings

The atmospheric abundance, size distribution, and community structure of microorganisms show differences during haze and non-haze conditions. The long-distance transportation of dust-associated microorganisms influences the abundance and community structure of airborne microbes in downwind areas. Wildfire smoke or biomass burning potentially impacts the release, transport and dispersal of microorganisms in the atmosphere. Meteorological conditions and air pollutants likely interact with airborne microorganisms, pollen, and fluorescent biological aerosol particles. Molecular biomarkers including proteins and amino acids, sugars, and lipid compounds have been used to fingerprint the sources of biological aerosols and give important biogeochemical information of atmospheric aerosols. In addition to pathogenic and allergenic microorganisms and pollen, biological aerosol particles indicated by abundant endotoxins and antibiotic resistance genes could have significant impacts on public health. In polluted regions, the potential influences of biological aerosol particles on climate and ecosystems could be more complex.

Summary

We comprehensively summarize the recent research progresses on the characteristics, biomarkers, influencing factors, and effects of biological aerosol particles in polluted regions, mostly in East Asia and South Asia. To further understand the complicated effects of biological aerosol particles in polluted regions, the development and application of novel approaches and techniques as well as in-depth investigations on the roles of biological aerosol particles in atmospheric chemistry, cloud formation, and public health need to be implemented.

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Abbreviations

AFM:

Atomic force microscope

APEC:

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

AQI:

Air quality index

ARDRA:

Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis

ARGs:

Antibiotic resistance genes

BB:

Biomass burning

BC:

Black carbon

BCA:

Bicinchoninic acid assay

CAAs:

Combined amino acids

CCN:

Cloud condensation nuclei

CFUs:

Colony-forming units

CPI:

Carbon preference index

D/TGGE:

Denaturing/temperature gradient gel electrophoresis analysis

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

dsDNA:

Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid

EEM:

Excitation-emission matrix

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

EU:

Endotoxin units

FAAs:

Free amino acids

FBAPs :

Fluorescent biological aerosol particles

FS-OC:

Fungal spores-derived organic carbon

FT-ICR MS:

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry

HACA:

Hierarchical-agglomerative-cluster-analysis

HPLC-FLD:

High-performance liquid chromatography - fluorescence detector

HULIS:

Humic-like substances

IN:

Ice nuclei

INA:

Ice nucleation-active

INPs:

Ice nucleation particles

ITS:

Internal transcribed space

LAL:

Limulus amebocyte lysate

LC-MS/MS:

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

LOD:

Limit of detection

MGEs:

Mobile genetic elements

mVOCs:

Microbial volatile organic compounds

OC:

Organic carbon

PAHs:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

PBAPs:

Primary biological aerosol particles

PBL:

Planetary boundary layer

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered solution

PCA:

Principle component analysis

PM2.5 :

Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm

PMF:

Positive matrix factorization

qPCR:

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction

RH:

Relative humidity

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

rRNA:

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid

SEM/TEM-EDX:

Scanning/transmission electron microscope-energy-dispersive X-ray detector

SIBS:

Spectral intensity bioaerosol sensor

SLF:

Surrogate lung fluid

SP-AMS:

Single particle - aerosol mass spectrometry

STXM-NEXAFS:

Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy - near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy

TAAs:

Total hydrolyzed amino acids

T-RLIP/RISA:

Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms and ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis

TSP:

Total suspended particles

UV-APS:

Ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer

WIBS:

Wideband integrated bioaerosol sensor

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41805118 and 41625014), the Tianjin Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No. 18JCYBJC42200), and the State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (No. 18K02ESPCT).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

    Wei Hu, Zihan Wang, Shu Huang, Lujie Ren, Hong Ren, Libin Wu, Junjun Deng & Pingqing Fu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Siyao Yue, Ping Li, Qiaorong Xie, Wanyu Zhao, Lianfang Wei & Pingqing Fu

  3. College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Siyao Yue, Ping Li, Qiaorong Xie, Wanyu Zhao & Pingqing Fu

Authors
  1. Wei Hu
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  2. Zihan Wang
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  3. Shu Huang
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  4. Lujie Ren
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  5. Siyao Yue
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  6. Ping Li
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  7. Qiaorong Xie
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  8. Wanyu Zhao
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  9. Lianfang Wei
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  10. Hong Ren
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  11. Libin Wu
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  12. Junjun Deng
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  13. Pingqing Fu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pingqing Fu.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Air Pollution

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Hu, W., Wang, Z., Huang, S. et al. Biological Aerosol Particles in Polluted Regions. Curr Pollution Rep 6, 65–89 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-020-00138-4

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