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Respiratory muscle strength in relation to sarcopenia in elderly cardiac patients

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Abstract

Background and aims

Little information exists on the relation between respiratory muscle strength such as maximum inspiratory muscle pressure (MIP) and sarcopenia in elderly cardiac patients. The present study aimed to determine the differences in MIP, and cutoff values for MIP according to sarcopenia in elderly cardiac patients.

Methods

We enrolled 63 consecutive elderly male patients aged ≥65 years with cardiac disease in this cross-sectional study. Sarcopenia was defined based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People algorithm, and, accordingly, the patients were divided into two groups: the sarcopenia group (n = 24) and non-sarcopenia group (n = 39). The prevalence of sarcopenia in cardiac patients and MIP in the patients with and without sarcopenia were assessed to determine cutoff values of MIP.

Results

After adjustment for body mass index, the MIP in the sarcopenia group was significantly lower than that in the non-sarcopenia group (54.7 ± 36.8 cmH2O; 95 % CI 42.5–72.6 vs. 80.7 ± 34.7 cmH2O; 95 % CI 69.5–92.0; F = 4.89, p = 0.029). A receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis of patients with and without sarcopenia identified a cutoff value for MIP of 55.6 cmH2O, with a sensitivity of 0.76, 1-specificity of 0.37, and AUC of 0.70 (95 % CI 0.56–0.83; p = 0.01) in the study patients.

Conclusion

Compared with elderly cardiac patients without sarcopenia, MIP in those with sarcopenia may be negatively affected. The MIP cutoff value reported here may be a useful minimum target value for identifying elderly male cardiac patients with sarcopenia.

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Abbreviations

MIP:

Maximum inspiratory muscle pressure

HF:

Heart failure

HS:

Handgrip strength

GS:

Gait speed

SMI:

Skeletal muscle index

BMI:

Body mass index

LVEF:

Left ventricular ejection fraction

FVC:

Forced vital capacity

FEV1.0:

Forced expiratory volume in 1 s

ANCOVA:

One-way analysis of covariance

ROC:

Receiver-operating characteristic

AUC:

Area under the curve

SD:

Standard deviation

CI:

Confidence interval

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, 10-2 Tomogaoka 7-chome Suma, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan

    Kazuhiro P. Izawa

  2. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan

    Satoshi Watanabe & Koji Hiraki

  3. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan

    Koichiro Oka

  4. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, St. Marianna University Yokohama-city Seibu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan

    Yusuke Kasahara

  5. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan

    Yuji Morio

  6. Department of Physical Therapy, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan

    Yasuyuki Hirano

  7. Department of Rehabilitation, Visiting Nursing and Rehabilitation Network, Kawasaki, Japan

    Yutaka Omori

  8. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan

    Norio Suzuki, Keisuke Kida, Kengo Suzuki & Yoshihiro J. Akashi

Authors
  1. Kazuhiro P. Izawa
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  2. Satoshi Watanabe
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  3. Koichiro Oka
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  4. Yusuke Kasahara
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  5. Yuji Morio
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  6. Koji Hiraki
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  7. Yasuyuki Hirano
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  8. Yutaka Omori
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  9. Norio Suzuki
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  10. Keisuke Kida
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  11. Kengo Suzuki
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  12. Yoshihiro J. Akashi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kazuhiro P. Izawa.

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Conflict of interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in relation to the work reported in this manuscript.

Funding

None.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the St. Marianna University School of Medicine Institutional Committee on Human Research.

Statement of human and animal rights

The participants received oral explanations of the research procedures from the researchers.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from each patient.

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Izawa, K.P., Watanabe, S., Oka, K. et al. Respiratory muscle strength in relation to sarcopenia in elderly cardiac patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 28, 1143–1148 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-016-0534-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-016-0534-5

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