Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Super-Optimal NPK Along with Foliar Iron Application Influences Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of Wheat

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Deficiency of wheat grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) is common nutritional problem in the developing countries and thus increasing their concentrations is a major challenge. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (100–200 % NPK) and foliar Fe application (3 % FeSO4.7H2O at 40, 60, and 75 days after sowing) on improving Fe and Zn concentrations in grain and molar ratio of phosphorus/iron (P/Fe) and phosphorus/zinc (P/Zn). Data obtained during the two year (2010–2011 and 2011–2012) field experiment reveals that foliar Fe spray along with fertilizer NPK significantly increased the grain Fe concentration by 6–15 %; whereas a sharp decrease in the grain Zn concentration under super optimal fertilization is attributed to the depressive effect of excessive phosphorus in the treatments. Molar ratio of P/Fe in wheat grains signifies the increased bioavailability of Fe in wheat grains but P/Zn increase under super-optimal NPK application calls for P management to correct the reduced level of Zn in wheat grains.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig.. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. USDA (2013) Production, supply and distribution. www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline

  2. FAO (2012) The state of food insecurity in the world 2012. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  3. Murphy KM, Reeves PG, Jones SS (2008) Relationship between yield and mineral nutrient concentrations in historical and modern spring wheat cultivars. Euphytica 163:381–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Gibson RS, Bailey KB, Gibbs M, Ferguson EL (2010) A review of phytate, iron, zinc, and calcium concentrations in plant-based complementary foods used in low-income countries and implications for bioavailability. Food Nutr Bull 31:134–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Aciksoz SB, Yazici A, Ozturk L, Cakmak I (2011) Biofortification of wheat with iron through soil and foliar application of nitrogen and iron fertilizers. Plant Soil 349:215–225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kutman UB, Yildiz B, Ozturk L, Cakmak I (2010) Biofortification of durum wheat with zinc through soil and foliar application of nitrogen. Cereal Chem 87:1–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kutman UB, Yildiz B, Cakmak I (2011) Improved nitrogen status enhances zinc and iron concentrations both in whole grain and the endosperm fraction of wheat. J Cereal Sci 53:118–125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lindsay WL, Norvell WA (1978) Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Sci Soc Am J 42:421–428

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Piper CS (1967) Soil and Plant analysis. Asia Publishing House, Bombay

    Google Scholar 

  10. Jackson ML (1973) Soil chemical analysis. Prentice hall of India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  11. Gomez KA, Gomez AA (1984) Statistical procedures for agricultural research. John Wiley and Sons, New York

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bameri M, Abdolshahi R, Mohammadi-Nejad G, Yousefi K, Tabatabaie SM (2012) Effect of different microelement treatment on wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth and yield. Intl Res J Appl Basic Sci 3:219–223

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Babaeian M, Tavassoli A, Ghanbari A, Esmaeilian Y, Fahimifard M (2011) Effects of foliar micronutrient application on osmotic adjustments, grain yield and yield components in sunflower (Alstar cultivar) under water stress at three stages. Afr J Agric Res 6:1204–1208

    Google Scholar 

  14. Liu X, Ju X, Zhang F, Pan J, Christie P (2003) Nitrogen dynamics and budgets in a winter wheat–maize cropping system in the North China Plain. Field Crop Res 83:111–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhang YQ, Shi RL, Karim MR, Zhang FS, Zou CQ (2010) Iron and zinc concentrations in grain and flour of winter wheat as affected by foliar application. J Agr Food Chem 58:12268–12274

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cakmak I, Pfeiffer WH, McClafferty B (2010) Biofortification of durum wheat with zinc and iron. Cereal Chem 87:10–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Alcaraz CF, Martínez-Sánchez F, Sevilla F, Hellln E (1986) Influence of ferredoxin levels on nitrate reductase activity in iron deficient lemon leaves. J Plant Nutr 9:1405–1413

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Curie C, Cassin G, Couch D, Divol F, Higuchi K, Jean ML, Misson J, Schikora A, Czernic P, Mari S (2009) Metal movement within the plant: contribution of nicotianamine and yellow stripe 1-like transporters. Ann Bot-Lond 103:1–11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Pahlavan-Rad M, Pessarakli M (2009) Response of wheat plants to zinc, iron, and manganese applications and uptake and concentration of zinc, iron, and manganese in wheat grains. Commun Soil Sci Plan 40:1322–1332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Borg S, Brinch-Penderson H, Tauris B, Holm PB (2009) Iron transport, deposition and bioavailability in the wheat and barley grain. Plant Soil 325:15–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Tauris B, Borg S, Cregerson PL, Holm PB (2009) A roadmap for zinc trafficking in the developing barley grain based on laser capture dissection and gene expression profiling. J Exp Bot 60:1333–1347

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Ryan MH, McInerney JK, Record IR, Angus JF (2008) Zinc bioavailability in wheat grain in relation to phosphorus fertiliser, crop sequence and mycorrhizal fungi. J Sci Food Agric 88:1208–1216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhang YQ, Deng Y, Chen RY, Cui ZL, Chen XP, Yost R, Zhang FS, Zou CQ (2012) The reduction in zinc concentration of wheat grain upon increased phosphorus-fertilization and its mitigation by foliar zinc application. Plant Soil 361:143–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Prattley CA, Stanley DW, van de Voort FR (1982) Protein-phytate interactions in soybeans. II. Mechanism of protein-phytate binding as affected by calcium. J Food Biochem 6:255–271

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhu YG, Smith SE, Smith FA (2001) Zinc (Zn)-phosphorus (P) interactions in two cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) differing in P uptake efficiency. Ann Bot-Lond 88:941–945

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Verma TS, Minhas RS (1987) Zinc and phosphorus interaction in a wheat-maize cropping system. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 13:77–86

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bohn L, Meyer AS, Rasmussen SK (2008) Phytate: impact on environment and human nutrition. A challenge for molecular breeding. J Zhejiang Univ Sci 9:165–191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Tang J, Zou C, He Z, Shi R, Ortiz-Monasterio I, Qu Y, Zhang Y (2008) Mineral element distributions in milling fractions of Chinese wheats. J Cereal Sci 48:821–828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Egli I, Davidsson L, Zeder C, Walczyk T, Hurrell R (2004) Dephytinization of a complementary food based on wheat and soy increases zinc, but not copper, apparent absorption in adults. J Nutr 134:1077–1080

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Financial assistance by Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, in form of Senior Research Fellowship awarded to the first author during the course of this investigation is gratefully acknowledged. Authors are thankful to the Director, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, for providing the necessary facilities for the successful completion of the work.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Rajiv Rakshit

    Present address: Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India

    Rajiv Rakshit, A. K. Patra, T. J. Purakayastha & R. D. Singh

  2. CESCRA, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India

    H. Pathak

  3. Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 110012, India

    Shiva Dhar

Authors
  1. Rajiv Rakshit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. K. Patra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. J. Purakayastha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. R. D. Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. H. Pathak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Shiva Dhar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rajiv Rakshit.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rakshit, R., Patra, A.K., Purakayastha, T.J. et al. Super-Optimal NPK Along with Foliar Iron Application Influences Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of Wheat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 86, 159–164 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-014-0428-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-014-0428-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation