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Heterosis Breeding in Potato

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Abstract

Cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum is a tetraploid and exhibits heterosis due to multi-allelic gene action. Selfing in potato leads to inbreeding depression for a number of characters including fertility and tuber yield. An increase in heterozygosity and multi-allelic loci results in more tuber yields. A number of strategies exist to maximize heterozygosity in potato. This paper reviews the effectiveness of various strategies including selection of parents based on genetic diversity, breeding at diploid level, analytical breeding schemes, use of 2n gametes, sexual polyploidization and somatic hybridization in increasing heterozygosity. Semi-cultivated and wild species of potato are rich in genes for not only resistance to diseases and pests, but also for production of heterotic progenies. Heterosis observed on the use of Andigena, Neo-Tuberosum, S. phureja, S. stenotomum and other species in potato breeding is described. The constraints in exploitation of wild species and limitations of heterosis breeding are also analysed. It is concluded that pre-breeding of wild species for adaptability and early maturity and elimination of the undesirable tuber characters can go a long way in overcoming the existing yield barriers in potato breeding.

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Gopal, J. Heterosis Breeding in Potato. Agric Res 3, 204–217 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-014-0120-z

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