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Microsatellite marker-based genetic diversity analyses of novel maize inbreds possessing rare allele of β-carotene hydroxylase (crtRB1) for their utilization in β-carotene enrichment

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Abstract

Vitamin A deficiency caused by insufficient intake of β-carotene has emerged as one of the most important problems afflicting people worldwide. Traditional yellow maize is predominated by lutein and zeaxanthin; but contains low β-carotene par below the daily requirement for humans. A natural variant of crtRB1 allele increases β-carotene in kernel by blocking its conversion to zeaxanthin. In the present study, genetic diversity analyses were carried out among 24 diverse maize inbreds possessing rare allele of crtRB1. The mean β-carotene among the inbreds was 9.3 μg/g, with 14 inbreds having 9.1–18.8 μg/g. Among the inbreds of exotic origin, HP704-23, HP704-22, HP467-15, HP465-41 and HP467-20 were promising with high β-carotene. In case of inbreds developed in India, VQL-2-PV, VQL1-PV, V345-PV, V335-PV, HKI161-PV, MGU-PV-2, HKI1105-PV, HKI323-PV and MGU-PV-3 were identified to possess high kernel β-carotene. These inbreds with rare allele of crtRB1 are unique germplasm and therefore holds immense promise in the biofortification programme worldwide. Molecular profiling of these inbreds using 65 SSRs distributed throughout the genome generated 268 alleles with a mean of 4.12 alleles per locus. The polymorphism information content varied from 0.21 to 0.82 with a mean of 0.58. The study detected 12 each of unique and rare alleles. Genetic dissimilarity ranged from 0.40 to 0.94 with an average of 0.79. Cluster analyses grouped 24 genotypes into four major clusters, and principal coordinate analysis depicted the diverse nature of the genotypes consistent with their pedigree. The study identified potential hybrid combinations for higher β-carotene that can be directly utilized in the biofortification programme.

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Abbreviations

VAD:

Vitamin A deficiency

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

SSR:

Simple sequence repeats

PIC:

Polymorphism information content

PCoA:

Principal coordinate analysis

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Acknowledgments

The financial support from Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under the project ‘Development of micronutrient enriched maize through molecular breeding-Phase II’ (SAN No.102/IFD/SAN/4455/2011-2012) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Drs. B.M. Prasanna, Kevin Pixley, Raman Babu of CIMMYT-HarvestPlus maize programme for providing β-carotene enriched lines. The authors also thank Drs P.K. Agrawal (VPKAS, Almora) and N.K. Singh (GBPUAT, Pantnagar) for sharing their inbred lines.

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The authors declare that no conflict of interest exists.

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Author notes

  1. Hari S. Gupta

    Present address: Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), New Delhi, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India

    Mukesh Choudhary, Firoz Hossain, Vignesh Muthusamy, Nepolean Thirunavukkarasu, Supradip Saha, Neha Pandey, Shailendra K. Jha & Hari S. Gupta

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  1. Mukesh Choudhary
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Correspondence to Hari S. Gupta.

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Choudhary, M., Hossain, F., Muthusamy, V. et al. Microsatellite marker-based genetic diversity analyses of novel maize inbreds possessing rare allele of β-carotene hydroxylase (crtRB1) for their utilization in β-carotene enrichment. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 25, 12–20 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-015-0300-3

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