Abstract
In the present work, basalt–glass hybrid composite has been fabricated and machined using laser beam drilling, to predict a safe machining zone pertaining to high drill quality with minimum heat-affected zone and maximum hole circularity. The prediction of the zone has been done by mathematical modeling using response surface methodology. The obtained zone has also been validated by performing more experiments. Moreover, the dependency of hole circularity and heat-affected zone on input parameters has also been discussed. From the results, it is evident that the obtained zone is capable of minimizing the heat-affected zone with acceptable hole circularity. Moreover, the behavior of input parameters is non-monotonic in nature.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Petrucci, R.; Nisini, E.; Ghelli, D.; Santulli, C.; Puglia, D.; Sarasini, F., et al.: Mechanical and impact characterisation of hybrid composite laminates based on flax, hemp, basalt and glass fibers produced by vacuum infusion. In: ECCM15, 15th European Conference on Composite Materials (2012)
Karataş, M.A.; Gökkaya, H.: A review on machinability of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite materials. Def. Technol. 14, 318–326 (2018)
Tsao, C.C.; Hocheng, H.: Taguchi analysis of delamination associated with various drill bits in drilling of composite material. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 44, 1085–1090 (2004)
Hocheng, H.; Tsao, C.C.: Comprehensive analysis of delamination in drilling of composite materials with various drill bits. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 140, 335–339 (2003)
Davim, J.P.; Rubio, J.C.; Abrao, A.M.: A novel approach based on digital image analysis to evaluate the delamination factor after drilling composite laminates. Compos. Sci. Technol. 67, 1939–1945 (2007)
Gaugel, S.; Sripathy, P.; Haeger, A.; Meinhard, D.; Bernthaler, T.; Lissek, F.; et al.: A comparative study on tool wear and laminate damage in drilling of carbon-fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). Compos. Struct. 155, 173–183 (2016)
Abrate, S.: Machining of composite materials. In: Composites Engineering Handbook (A 98-11526 01-24), New York, Marcel Dekker, Inc. (Materials Engineering., vol. 11, pp. 777–810, 1997.
Faisal, N.; Zindani, D.; Kumar, K.; Bhowmik, S.: Laser micromachining of engineering materials: a review. In: Kumar, K., Zindani, D., Kumari, N., Davim, J.P. (eds.) Micro and Nano Machining of Engineering Materials: Recent Developments, pp. 121–136. Springer, Cham (2019)
Solati, A.; Hamedi, M.; Safarabadi, M.: Combined GA-ANN approach for prediction of HAZ and bearing strength in laser drilling of GFRP composite. Opt. Laser Technol. 113, 104–115 (2019)
Herzog, D.; Jaeschke, P.; Meier, O.; Haferkamp, H.: Investigations on the thermal effect caused by laser cutting with respect to static strength of CFRP. Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 48, 1464–1473 (2008)
Li, Z.L.; Zheng, H.Y.; Lim, G.C.; Chu, P.L.; Li, L.: Study on UV laser machining quality of carbon fibre reinforced composites. Compos. Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 41, 1403–1408 (2010)
Hejjaji, A.; Singh, D.; Kubher, S.; Kalyanasundaram, D.; Gururaja, S.: Machining damage in FRPs: Laser versus conventional drilling. Compos. Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 82, 42–52 (2016)
Lau, W.S.; Lee, W.; Pang, S.: Pulsed Nd: YAG laser cutting of carbon fibre composite materials. CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol. 39, 179–182 (1990)
Mathew, J.; Goswami, G.; Ramakrishnan, N.; Naik, N.: Parametric studies on pulsed Nd: YAG laser cutting of carbon fibre reinforced plastic composites. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 89, 198–203 (1999)
Robinson, T.J.: Box–Behnken designs. In: Encyclopedia of Statistics in Quality and Reliability (2007)
Ferreira, S.C.; Bruns, R.; Ferreira, H.; Matos, G.; David, J.; Brandao, G.; et al.: Box–Behnken design: an alternative for the optimization of analytical methods. Anal. Chim. Acta 597, 179–186 (2007)
Narayanasamy, P.; Selvakumar, N.: Effect of hybridizing and optimization of TiC on the tribological behavior of Mg–MoS2 composites. J. Tribol. 139, 051301 (2017)
Ramkumar, T.; Narayanasamy, P.; Selvakumar, M.; Balasundar, P.: Effect of B4C reinforcement on the dry sliding wear behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V/B4C sintered composites using response surface methodology. Arch. Metall. Mater. 63, 1179–1200 (2018)
Shrivastava, P.K.; Singh, B.; Shrivastava, Y.; Pandey, A.K.: Prediction of geometric quality characteristics during laser cutting of Inconel-718 sheet using statistical approach. J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 41, 216 (2019)
Shrivastava, Y.; Singh, B.: Assessment of stable cutting zone in CNC turning based on empirical mode decomposition and genetic algorithm approach. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part C: J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 232, 3573–3594 (2017)
Shrivastava, Y.; Singh, B.: Estimation of stable cutting zone in turning based on empirical mode decomposition and statistical approach. J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 40, 77 (2018)
Box, G.E.; Draper, N.R.: Empirical Model-Building and Response Surfaces. Wiley, London (1987)
Myers, R.H.; Montgomery, D.C.; Anderson-Cook, C.M.: Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics). Wiley, New York (2009)
Singh, B.; Nanda, B.: Slip damping mechanism in welded structures using response surface methodology. Exp. Mech. 52, 771–791 (2012)
Singh, B.; Nanda, B.K.: Investigation into the effect of surface roughness on the damping of tack-welded structures using the response surface methodology approach. J. Vib. Control 19, 547–559 (2013)
Acknowledgements
The authors are very grateful to Dr. B. N. Upadhayay, SOF, Solid State Division at the RRCAT (Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology), Indore (M.P), for providing the experimental support for this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jain, A., Singh, B. & Shrivastava, Y. Heat-Affected Zone Investigation During the Laser Beam Drilling of Hybrid Composite Using Statistical Approach. Arab J Sci Eng 45, 833–848 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04162-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-04162-5