Abstract
This study aims to recognize that whether introducing various meteorological parameters to the Angström–Prescott (A–P) model eventuates in enhancing the precision of monthly mean global solar radiation estimation in cities of Bandar Abbas and Jask, situated in the south coast of Iran. To identify the significance of the average, maximum and minimum ambient temperatures, average and maximum relative humidity as well as water vapor and sea level pressures, seven models have been chosen from the literature. Using the long-term measured data and via statistical regression technique, the new regression coefficients have been developed for the original A–P model and the other seven nominated models. The models’ performances have been appraised via commonly utilized statistical indicators. The results indicated that the new models provided only minor improvements over the traditional A–P model; therefore, as more complexity is associated with introducing different meteorological parameters, their applications are not appealing practically. Making comparisons with the existing models developed using PSO (particle swarm optimization) technique demonstrated the superiority of the new established A–P models of this study; consequently, even without any improvement, the simple A–P models are indeed qualified for accurate estimation of global solar radiation in cities of Bandar Abbas and Jask and their neighboring.
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19 December 2018
The Editors-in-Chief of Environmental Earth Sciences are issuing an editorial expression of concern to alert readers that this article (Mohammadi et al. 2016) shows substantial indication of irregularities in authorship during the submission process. The authors suggested peer reviewers whose identity was not possible to verify. This article contains overlap with Khorasanizadeh et al. (2013, 2014), Mohammadi et al. (2014), Shamshirband et al. (2016) (amongst others). All authors disagree with this editorial expression of concern.
Abbreviations
- a–f:
-
Regression coefficients
- APE:
-
Absolute percentage error (%)
- Gsc :
-
Solar constant (equal to 1367 W/m2)
- \( \bar{H} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily global radiation on horizontal surface (MJ/m2)
- \( \bar{H}_{o} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily extraterrestrial on horizontal surface (MJ/m2)
- \( \bar{H}_{i,c} ,\bar{H}_{i,m} \) :
-
ith calculated and measured values of \( \bar{H} \) (MJ/m2)
- \( \bar{K}_{T} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily clearness index
- MABE:
-
Mean absolute bias error (MJ/m2)
- MAPE:
-
Mean absolute percentage error (%)
- \( \bar{n} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily sunshine hours (hr)
- nday :
-
Number of days
- \( \bar{N} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily maximum possible sunshine hours (hr)
- \( \bar{P} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily sea level pressure (mb)
- \( \bar{P}_{V} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily water vapor pressure (mb)
- RMSE:
-
Root mean square error (MJ/m2)
- R:
-
Correlation coefficient
- \( \bar{R}_{h} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily relative humidity (%)
- \( \bar{R}_{h\hbox{max} } \) :
-
Monthly mean daily maximum relative humidity (%)
- \( \bar{T}_{avg} \) :
-
Monthly mean daily ambient temperature (ºC)
- \( \bar{T}_{\hbox{max} } \) :
-
Monthly mean daily maximum ambient temperature (ºC)
- \( \bar{T}_{\hbox{min} } \) :
-
Monthly mean daily minimum ambient temperature (ºC)
- δ:
-
Solar declination angle (deg.)
- φ:
-
Latitude of the location (deg.)
- ωs :
-
Sunset hour angle (deg.)
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the University of Malaya for the research grants allocated (UMRG-RP015C-13AET and High Impact Research Grant, HIR-D000015-16001).
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Mohammadi, K., Khorasanizadeh, H., Shamshirband, S. et al. Influence of introducing various meteorological parameters to the Angström–Prescott model for estimation of global solar radiation. Environ Earth Sci 75, 219 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4871-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4871-z