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Optimization of Process Variables for Production of Beta-Glucanase by Aspergillus niger CCUG33991 in Solid-State Fermentation Using Wheat Bran

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Abstract

Purpose

Wheat bran is an agricultural waste which can be used as a cost effective animal feed but existence of beta-glucan in it would cause some digestion problems. Beta 1,3–1,4 glucanase is a enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of beta-glucan to sub-units. In this study optimization of production of beta-glucanase by Aspergillus niger CCUG33991 strain with wheat bran as a cheap substrate by SSF and valorization of wheat bran were evaluated.

Methods

A two-step experimental design procedure was employed for screening and optimization of influencing factors on beta-glucanase production. Effects of six nutritional and environmental factors were investigated by PBD. To reach higher amounts of beta-glucanase, RSM was employed to optimize beta-glucanase production as a function of three of the most effective factors. Also structural analysis of fermented and unfermented wheat bran was done.

Results

The experimental value of enzyme activity was 121.6 Units per gram of dry substrate (U/gds) under the optimal conditions (temperature 33 °C, humidity 70% and incubation time 51 h). SEM and FTIR showed intensive fungal growth on wheat bran, and partial removal of lignin, phytic acid and hemicelluloses such as beta-glucan.

Conclusion

The study demonstrated the feasibility of wheat bran utilization in SSF using Aspergillus niger CCUG33991 toward the production of beta-glucanase and valorization of wheat bran as an animal feed.

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Fig. 1
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Fig. 3

Abbreviations

SSF:

Solid-state fermentation

SmF:

Submerged fermentation

PBD:

Plackett Burman design

RSM:

Response surface methodology

OFAT:

One factor at time

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

DNS:

Dinitrosalicylic acid

CMCase:

Carboxymethyl cellulase

FPase:

Filter paperase

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman and Esfahan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center for their partial support of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, 22 Bahman Boulevard Kerman, P.O. Box 76169133, Kerman, Iran

    Masoumeh Heidary Vinche, Seyed Ahmad Ataei & Firoozeh Danafar

  2. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran - Isfahan Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran

    Morteza Khanahmadi

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  1. Masoumeh Heidary Vinche
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Correspondence to Seyed Ahmad Ataei.

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Heidary Vinche, M., Khanahmadi, M., Ataei, S.A. et al. Optimization of Process Variables for Production of Beta-Glucanase by Aspergillus niger CCUG33991 in Solid-State Fermentation Using Wheat Bran. Waste Biomass Valor 12, 3233–3243 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01177-0

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