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Effect of Encapsulated Lactobacillus bulgaricus on Innate Immune System and Hematological Parameters in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Post-Administration of Pb

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotic and encapsulated Lactobacillus bulgaricus on hematological and immunological factors after lead toxicity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Two hundred and forty fish weighing about 16 ± 3.8 g were divided randomly in to four groups including two groups which were fed by a diet containing ~ 108 CFU g−1Lactobacillus bulgaricus and encapsulated Lactobacillus bulgaricus bacteria and also the third group diet without Lactobacillus bulgaricus. After 45 days, in addition to probiotic (~ 108 CFU g−1), 500 μg kg of lead nitrate was added to the food of the three groups for 21 days. The fourth group (control) was first fed to the normal diet for 45 days then exposed to Pb. Blood samples were collected at days 45, 52, 59, and 66, and hematological and some immunological parameters were assessed. Results showed that hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, and lysozyme activity in the two probiotics groups were increased significantly up to 45 day (P < 0.05), but followed by a decreasing trend by adding Pb. Complement and bactericidal activity were enhanced significantly in the bulgaricus group (P < 0.05). Respiratory burst activity at day 45 in group bulgaricus had significant increase (P < 0.05) and decreased in all groups particularly after Pb exposure (P < 0.05). The achieved data shows that microencapsulation of probiotics with alginate-chitosan may be a suitable method to improve the fish condition against heavy metal.

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Funding

This investigation was funded by a Grant from the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Research Council (Grant No. 27176, 1395.3.2). The authors of this study followed instructions of the university in Iran, and performed trials based on Ethical Guideline of laboratory animals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 61357831351, Iran

    Takavar Mohammadian, Zahra Tulaby Dezfuly, Reza Ghanei Motlagh, Seyed Samad Hosseini & Nasim Alijani

  2. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran

    Abdolhossein Jangaran-Nejad

  3. Animal Science Research Department, Boushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Boushehr, Iran

    Hossein Khaj

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Correspondence to Takavar Mohammadian.

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Mohammadian, T., Dezfuly, Z.T., Motlagh, R.G. et al. Effect of Encapsulated Lactobacillus bulgaricus on Innate Immune System and Hematological Parameters in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Post-Administration of Pb. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 12, 375–388 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-019-09544-7

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