Abstract
Snow trout Schizothorax labiatus constitute a significant part of the diet of large human population of colder regions of the Indian Himalayan subcontinent, and are also important for local livelihoods there. In the present study, the hematological and serum biochemical parameters of S. labiatus were examined with respect to sex and season. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, red blood cell (RBC) count and hematocrit (Hct) were higher in males than females in each season, while white blood cell (WBC) count were notably higher in females. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was noted in Hb concentration, RBC and WBC counts, and Hct between males and females during the summer compared to the other seasons. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between erythrocyte indices with respect to sex and season. Serum biochemical parameters (glucose, cholesterol and urea) differed significantly (P < 0.05) between the sexes, as well as among the seasons. However, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin and globulin) with respect to sex, although the highest values of all serum biochemical parameters were reported during the summer and the lowest values during the winter. The data reported here on the influence of sex and season on hematological and biochemical parameters of S. labiatus inhabiting the Sindh River could provide a reliable basis for the future monitoring of the health status of this fish.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Acar U, Turker A, Bulut M, Yıldırım O, Yılmaz S, Sabri Kesbic O (2013) The effect of dietary soybean meal on growth, nutrient utilization, body composition and some serum biochemistry variables of two banded seabream, Diplodus vulgaris (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817). Iran J Fish Sci 12(4):749–758
Adebayo OT, Fagbenro OA, Ajayi CB, Popoola OM (2007) Normal hematological profile of Parachanna obscura as a diagnostic tool in aquaculture. Int J Zool Res 3(4):193–199
Adel M, Safari R, Yeganeh S, Kumar PS, Safaie P (2016) Hematological and biochemical profile of pike breeders (Esox lucius Linneaus) from the Anzali Wetland, Caspian Sea. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci 87(4):1271–1276
Ahmed I, Sheikh ZA (2019) Hematological and serum biochemical parameters of five freshwater snow trout fish species from river Jhelum of Kashmir Himalaya India. Comp Clin Pathol 28(3):771–782
Ahmed I, Sheikh ZA (2020) Comparative study of hematological parameters of snow trout Schizopyge plagiostomus and Schizopyge niger inhabiting two different habitats. Eur Zool J 87(1):12–19
Ahmed I, Sheikh ZA, Wani GB, Shah BA (2019) Sex variation in hematological and serum biochemical parameters of cultured Chinese silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Comp Clin Pathol 28(6):1761–1767
Ahmed I, Reshi QM, Fazio F (2020) The influence of the endogenous and exogenous factors on hematological parameters in different fish species: a review. Aquacult Int 28(3):869–899
APHA (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 20th edn. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, p 1325
Aras M, Bayir A, Sirkecioglu AN, Polat H, Bayir M (2010) Seasonal variations in serum lipids, lipoproteins and some hematological parameters of chub (Leuciscus cephalus). Ital J Anim Sci 7(4):439–448
Arthanari M, Dhanapalan S (2016) Assessment of the hematological and serum biochemical parameters of three commercially important freshwater fishes in river Cauvery Velur, Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu. India Int J Fish Aquat Stud 4(1):155–159
Atamanalp M, Yanik T (2003) Alterations in haematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposured to Mancozeb. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 27(5):1213–1217
Ballarin L, Dall’ Oro M, Bertotto D, Libertini A, Francescon A, Barbaro A (2004) Hematological parameters in Umbrina cirrosa (Teleostei, Sciaenidae): a comparison between diploid and triploid specimens. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 138(1):45–51
Bani A, Vayghan AH (2011) Temporal variations in haematological and biochemical indices of the Caspian kutum Rutilus frisii kutum. Ichthyol Res 58(2):126–133
Barton BA (2000) Salmonid fishes differ in their cortisol and glucose responses to handling and transport stress. N Am J Aquacult 62(1):218
Barton BA (2002) Stress in fishes: a diversity of responses with particular reference to changes in circulating corticosteroids. Integr Comp Biol 42(3):517–525
Borkovic SS, Pavlovic SZ, Kovacevic TB, Stajn AS, Petrovic VM, Saicic ZS (2008) Antioxidant defence enzyme activities in hepatopancreas, gills and muscle of spiny cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus) from the River Danube. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C Toxicol Pharmacol 147(1):122–128
Brill R, Bushnell P, Schroff S, Seifert R, Galvin M (2008) Effects of anaerobic exercise accompanying catch-and-release fishing on blood-oxygen affinity of the sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus, Nardo). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 354(1):132–143
Burgos-Aceves MA, Lionetti L, Faggio C (2019) Multidisciplinary haematology as a prognostic device in environmental and xenobiotic stress-induced responses in fish. Sci Total Environ 670:1170–1183
Chandra S (2009) Impact of changing ecophysiological conditions in blood urea levels of the freshwater fish Wallago attu. J Appl Nat Sci 1(1):47–49
Chatzifotis S, Muje P, Pavlidis M, Gren J, Paalavuo M, Molsa H (2004) Evolution of tissue composition and serum metabolites during gonadal development in the common dentex (Dentex dentex). Aquaculture 236(1–4):557–573
Coz-Rakovac R, Strunjak-perovic I, Hacmanjek M, Topic PN, Lipej Z, Sostaric B (2005) Blood chemistry and histological properties of wild and cultured sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in the north Adriatic Sea. Vet Res Com 29(8):677–687
Dacie JV, Lewis SM (1975) Practical hematology, 5th edn. a Churchill Livingstone, Edinburg, UK, 629 pp
Day F (1878) The fishes of India, being a natural history of fishes known to inhabit the seas and freshwaters of India, Burma and Ceylon. Quaritch, London, p 778
De Pedro N, Guijjaro AI, Lopez-Patino MA, Martinez-Alvarez R, Delgado MJ (2005) Daily and seasonal variations in hematological and biochemical parameters in the tench, Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758). Aquacult Res 36(12):1185–1196
Demeke A, Tassew A (2016) A review on water quality and its impact on fish health. Int J Fauna Biol Stud 3(1):21–31
Di Marco P, Priori A, Finoia MG, Petochi T, Longobardi A, Donadelli V, Marino G (2011) Assessment of blood chemistry reference values for cultured sturgeon hybrids (Acipenser naccarii female × Acipenser baerii male). J Appl Ichthyol 27(2):584–590
Duncan DB (1955) Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11:1–42
Faggio C, Marafioti S, Arfuso F, Panzera M, Piccione G, Fazio F (2012) Effect of two different habitat on hematological parameters and serum protein profile in Mugil cephalus. Natura Rerum 1:19–28
Farshad E, Maryam G, Hossein K (2015) Evaluation of hematological and plasma indices in grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, with reference to age, sex, and hormonal treatment. Arch Pol Fish 23(3):163–170
Fazio F (2019) Fish hematology analysis as an important tool of aquaculture: a review. Aquaculture 500:237–242
Fazio F, Faggio C, Marafioti S, Torre A, Sanfilippo M, Piccione G (2012a) Comparative study of haematological profile on Gobius niger in two different habitat sites: Faro Lake and Tyrrhenian Sea. Cah Biol Mar 53(1):213–219
Fazio F, Filiciotto F, Marafioti S, Di Stefano V, Assenza A, Placenti F, Buscaino G, Piccione G, Mazzola S (2012b) Automatic analysis to assess hematological parameters in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758). Mar Freshwater Behav Physiol 45(1):63–65
Fazio F, Satheeshkumar P, Kumar DS, Caterina F, Giuseppe P (2012c) A comparative study of hematological and blood chemistry of Indian and Italian grey mullet (Mugil cephalus, Linneaus 1758). HOAJ Biol 1:1–5
Fazio F, Faggio C, Marafioti S, Torre A, Sanfilippo M, Piccione G (2013a) Effect of water quality on hematological and biochemical parameters of Gobius niger caught in Faro lake (Sicily). Iranian J Fish Sci 12(1):219–231
Fazio F, Marafioti S, Torre A, Sanfilippo M, Panzera M, Faggio C (2013b) Hematological and serum protein profiles of Mugil cephalus: effect of two different habitats. Ichthyol Res 60(1):36–42
Fazio F, Marafioti S, Sanfilippo M, Casella S, Piccione G (2016) Assessment of immune blood cells and serum protein levels in Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) collected from the Thyrrenian sea coast (Italy). Cah Biol Mar 57(3):235–240
Fazio F, Ferrantelli V, Saoca C, Giangrosso G, Piccione G (2017a) Stability of haematological parameters in stored blood samples of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). Vet Med 62(7):401–405
Fazio F, Saoca C, Vazzana I, Piccione G (2017b) Influence of body size on blood hemogram in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). Vet Med 2(3):91–94
Fazio F, Ferrantelli V, Piccione G, Saoca C, Levanti M, Mucciardi M (2018) Biochemical and hematological parameters in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax Linnaeus, 1758) and gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758) in relation to temperature. Vet Arh 88(3):397–411
Friedrich M, Stepanowska K (2001) Effect of starvation on nutritive value of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and selected biochemical components of its blood. Acta Ichthyol Piscat 2(31):29–36
Gabriel UU, Ezeri GNO, Opabunmi OO (2004) Influence of sex, source, health status and acclimation on the hematology of Clarias gariepinus (Burch, 1822). Afr J Biotechnol 3(9):463–467
Giberson AV, Litvak MK (2003) Effects of feeding frequency on growth, food conversion efficiency and meal size on juvenile Atlantic sturgeon and shortnose sturgeon. N Am J Aquac 65(2):99–105
Golemi S, Medja N, Lacej D (2013) Influence of sex on the hematological and morphometric parameters of Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758) from Shkodra Lake. Acad J Interdiscip Stud 2(8):45–49
Guijarro AI, Lopez-Patino MA, Pinillos ML, Isorna E, De Pedro W, Alonsogomez AL, Alonso-Bedate MS, Delgado MS (2003) Seasonal changes in hematology and metabolic resource in technology. J Fish Biol 62(4):803–815
Gul Y, Gao ZX, Qian XQ, Wang WM (2011) Hematological and serum biochemical characterization and comparison of wild and cultured northern snakehead (Channa argus Cantor, 1842). J Appl Ichthyol 27(1):122–128
Gupta K, Sachar A, Raina S (2013) Seasonal variations in hematological parameters of golden mahseer, Tor putitora. Int J Sci Res Publ 3(5):1–6
Har SP (2000) Observation on the urinogenital papilla and sexual dimorphism in some Indian gobiids (Gobiidae: Teleostei). J Indian Fish Assoc 27:7–17
Harikrishnan R, Nisha Rani M, Balasundaram C (2003) Hematological and biochemical parameters in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, following herbal treatment for Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Aquaculture 221(1–4):41–50
Hoga CA, Almeida FL, Reyes FG (2018) A review on the use of hormones in fish farming: analytical methods to determine their residues. CyTA-J Food 16(1):679–691
Houston AH (1997) Review: are the classical hematological variables acceptable indicators of fish health? Trans Am Fish Soc 126(6):879–893
Hrubec TC, Cardinante JL, Smith SA (2000) Haematology and serum chemistry reference intervals for cultured tilapia (Oreochromis hybrid). Vet Clin Pathol 29(1):7–12
Hrubec TC, Smith SA, Robertson JL (2001) Age-related changes in hematology and plasma chemistry values of hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis). Vet Clin Pathol 30(1):8–15
Hussain S, Bhat FA, Maqsood HM, Balkhi MH, Majid I, Najar AM (2018) Present status of breeding biology of Schizothorax niger in Dal Lake Kashmir. J Entomol Zool Stud 6:930–935
Iaria C, Saoca C, Guerrera MC, Ciulli S, Brundo MV, Piccione G, Lanteri G (2019) Occurrence of diseases in fish used for experimental research. Lab Anim 53(6):619–629
Karatas T, Kocaman EM, Atamanalp M (2014) The comparison of total cholesterol and cholesterol types of cultured rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1972) and brook trouts (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill, 1815) cultivated under the same water conditions. Int J Fish Aquac 6(2):16–19
Karimi S, Kochanian P, Salati AP (2013) The effect of sexuality on some hematological parameters of the yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus in the Persian Gulf. Iran J Vet Res 14(1):65–68
Kori-Siakpere O, Ake JEG, Idoge E (2005) Hematological characteristics of the African snakehead Parachanna obscura. Afr J Biotechnol 4(6):527–530
Kuçukgul A, Yungul M, Kahraman Z, Dorucu M (2019) The effect of water parameters and dissolved minerals on the hematological parameters of during breeding period catfish (Silurus glanis). Braz Arch Biol Technol 62:1–10
Kulkarni R, Bedjargi P (2016) Serum biochemical parameters of four freshwater Indian carps from a local aquatic body. Int J Innov Stud Aquat Biol Fish 2(3):15–20
Kullander SO, Fang F, Delling B, Ahlander E (1999) The fishes of the Kashmir Valley. In: Nyman L (ed) River Jhelum, Kashmir Valley, impact on the aquatic environment. SWEDMAR, Sweden, pp 100–167
Kumar A, Ahirwal SK, Bhatt R, Singh IJ (2019) Certain hematological and biochemical changes in the blood of rohu (Labeo rohita) in relation to sex, reproductive status and environmental factors. J Entomol Zool Stud 7(3):1484–1490
Lavanya S, Ramesh M, Kavitha C, Malarvizhi A (2011) Hematological, biochemical and ion regulatory responses of Indian major carp, Catla catla, during chronic sublethal exposure to inorganic arsenic. Chemosphere 82(7):977–985
Lorenz EK, Barone RCS, Franca WG, Sabioni RE, Koch JFA, Cyrino JEP (2018) Performance, hematology and immunology of Salminus brasiliensis fed diets containing swine liver hydrolysate. Aquaculture 483:46–52
Maita M (2007) Fish health assessment. In: Nakagawa H, Sato M, Gatlin DM (eds) Dietary supplements for the health and quality of cultured fish. CAB International, Oxford, pp 10–34
Mostakim GM, Zahangir M, Monir Mishu M, Rahman M, Islam MS (2015) Alteration of blood parameters and histoarchitecture of liver and kidney of silver barb after chronic exposure to quinalphos. J Toxicol 415984:1–8
Motlagh SP, Zarejabad AM, Nasrabadi RG, Ahmadifar E, Molaee M (2012) Haematology, morphology and blood cell characteristics of male and female Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens). Comp Clin Pathol 21(1):15–21
Movahed R, Khara H, Ahmadnezhad M, Sayadboorani M (2016) Hematological characteristics associated with parasitism in pikeperch Sander lucioperca (Percidae) from the Anzali Wetland. J Parasit Dis 40(4):1337–1341
Natt MP, Herrick CA (1952) A new blood diluent for counting erythrocytes and leucocytes of chicken. Poult Sci 31(4):735–738
Nikoo M, Falahatkar B, Alekhorshid M, Haghi BN, Asadollahpour A, Dangsareki MZ, Langroudi HF (2010) Physiological stress responses in kutum Rutilus frisii kutum subjected to captivity. Int Aquat Res 2(1):55–60
Nopianti R, Baehaki A, Ridhowati S, Suhartono MT (2019) Protease inhibitory activity and protein analysis of catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus) and swamp eel (Monopterus albus) blood plasma. Pertanika J Trop Agric Sci 42(1):155
Ojolick EJ, Cusack R, Benfey TJ, Kerr SR (1995) Survival and growth of all-female diploid and triploid Clarias macrocephalus. Fish Genet Biotrop Spec Publ 52:79–86
Omeji S, Apochi JO, Egwumah KA (2017) Stress concept in transportation of live fishes–a review. J Res For Wildl Environ 9(2):57–64
Orun I, Erdeml AU (2002) A study on blood parameters of Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843). J Biol Sci 2(8):508–511
Orun I, Dorucu M, Yazlak H (2003) Hematological parameters of three cyprinid fish species from Karakaya dam lake, Turkey. J Biol Sci 3(3):320–328
Pal A, Parida SP, Swain MM (2008) Hematological and plasma biochemistry in fan-throated lizard Sitana ponticeriana (Sauria:Agamidae). Russ J Herpetol 15(2):110–116
Palti Y, Tinman S, Cnaani A, Avidar Y, Ron M, Hulata G (1999) Comparative study of biochemical and non-specific immunological parameters in two tilapia species (Oreochromis aureus and O. mossambicus). Isr J Aquac 51(4):148–156
Parida SP, Dutta SK, Pal A (2011) Hematological and plasma biochemistry in Psammophilus blanfordanus (Sauria: Agamidae). Comp Clin Pathol 21(6):1387–1394
Peyghan R, Khadjeh GH, Enayati A (2014) Effect of water salinity on total protein and electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. Vet Res Forum 5(3):225–229
Pradhan SC, Patra AK, Sarkar B, Pal A (2012) Seasonal changes in hematological parameters of Catla catla (Hamilton 1822). Comp Clin Pathol 21(6):1473–1487
Pradhan SC, Patra AK, Pal A (2013) Hematological and plasma chemistry of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822). J Appl Ichthyol 30(1):48–54
Pradhan SC, Patra AK, Mohanty KC, Pal A (2014a) Hematological and plasma biochemistry in Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton 1822). Comp Clin Pathol 23(3):509–518
Pradhan SC, Patra AK, Pal A (2014b) Hematological and plasma chemistry of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822). J Appl Ichthyol 30(1):48–54
Prasad G, Charles S (2010) Hematology and leucocyte enzyme cytochemistry of a threatened yellow catfish Horabagrus brachysoma (Gunther 1864). Fish Physiol Biochem 36(3):435–443
Pula HJ, Trenzadoc CE, Garcia-Mesa S, Fallola C, Sanz A (2018) Effects of different culture systems on growth, immune status, and other physiological parameters of tench (Tinca tinca). Aquaculture 485:101–110
Rai AK, Pradhan BR, Basnet SR, Sawr DB (2002) Present status of snow trout in Nepal. FAO Fish Tech Pap, pp 213–220
Regmi B (2019) Phylogenomics and geometric morphometrics define species flocks of snowtrout (Teleostei: Schizothorax) in the Central Himalayas. Ph.D. dissertation, p 139
Rehulka J (2002) Aeromonas causes severe skin lesions in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): clinical pathology, haematology and biochemistry. Acta Vet Brno 71(3):351–360
Riche M (2007) Analysis of refractometry for determining total plasma protein in hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis) at various salinities. Aquaculture 264(1–4):279–284
Sahiti H, Bislimi K, Dalo E, Murati K (2018) Effect of water quality in hematological and biochemical parameters in blood of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in two lakes of Kosovo. Nat Eng Sci 3(3):323–332
Satheeshkumar P, Ananthan G, SenthilKumar D, Jagadeesan L (2011) Hematology and biochemical parameters of different feeding behaviours of teleost fishes from the Vellar estuary. India Comp Clin Pathol 20(2):127–134
Satheeshkumar P, Ananthan G, Senthilkumar D, Khan AB, Jeevanantham K (2012) Comparative investigation on haematological and biochemical studies on wild marine teleost fihes from the Vellar estuary, southeast coast of India. Comp Clin Pathol 21(3):275–281
Shah SL, Altidang A (2004) Haematological parameters of tench (Tinca tinca L. 1758) on acute and chronic exposures of lethal and sublethal treatments of cadmium. Fresenius Environ Bull 13(12):1477–1481
Sharma I, Mehta HS (2010) Studies on snow trout Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray) in the River Beas and its tributaries (Himachal Pradesh). Zool Surv India 323:1–69
Sharma NK, Akhtar MS, Pandey N, Singh R, Singh AK (2015) Seasonal variation in thermal tolerance, oxygen consumption, antioxidative enzymes and non-specific immune indices of Indian hill trout, Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton, 1807) from Central Himalaya, India. J Therm Biol 52:166–176
Sharma NK, Akhtar MS, Pandey NN, Singh R, Singh AK (2017) Sex-specific seasonal variation in hematological and serum biochemical indices of Barilius bendelisis from Central Himalaya, India. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci 87(4):1185–1197
Sheikh ZA, Ahmed I (2019) Impact of environmental changes on plasma biochemistry and hematological parameters of Himalayan snow trout Schizothorax plagiostomus. Comp Clin Pathol 28(3):793–804
Silverira-Coffigny R, Prieto-Trujillo A, Ascencio-Valle F (2004) Effects of different stressors on hematological variables in cultured Oreochromis aureus S. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 139(4):245–250
Suleiman B, Adamu S, Abdullahi SA (2016) Influence of sex on haematological and biochemical profiles of pond-reared Heterobranchus longifilis (Valenciennes, 1840). Nigerian J Fish Aquacult 4(1):28–33
Svobodova Z, Flajshans M, Kolarova J, Modra H, Svoboda M, Vajcova V (2001) Leukocyte profile of diploid and triploid tench Tinca tinca L. Aquaculture 198(1–2):159–168
Svobodova Z, Luskova V, Drastichova J, Svoboda M, Zlabek V (2003) Effect of deltamethrin on haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Acta Vet Brno 72(1):79–85
Svobodova Z, Kroupova H, Modra H, Flajshans M, Randak T, Savina LV, Gela D (2008) Haematological profile of common carp spawners of various breeds. J Appl Ichthyol 24(1):55–59
Tavares-Dias M, Moraes FR (2004) Hematology of teleosts fish, 1st edn. Villimpress, Ribeirao Preto-SP, p 144
Terasawa F, Kitamura M, Fujimoto A, Hayama S (2002) Seasonal changes of blood composition in captive bottlenose dolphins. J Vet Med Sci 64(11):1075–1078
Tilak R (1987) The fauna of India and adjacent countries: Pisces. Teleostomi. Sub-family, Schizothoracinae. Zoological Survey India, Kolkata
Topic Popovic N, Strunjak-Perovic I, Coz-Rakovac R, Barisic J, Jadan M, Persin Berakovic A, Sauerborn Klobucar R (2012) Tricaine methane-sulfonate (MS-222) application in fish anaesthesia. J Appl Ichthyol 28(4):553–564
Tripathi NK (2003) Pathogenesis and treatment of Flavobacterium columnare-induced dermatitis in koi. Doctoral dissertation, UGA
Val AI (2000) Organic phosphates in the red blood cells of fish. Comp Biochem Physiol Part A Mol Integr Physiol 125(4):417–435
Vazquez GR, Guerrero GA (2007) Characterization of blood cells and hematological parameters in Cichlasoma dimerus (Teleostei, Perciformes). Tissue Cell 39(3):151–160
Wagner T, Congleton JL (2004) Blood chemistry correlates of nutritional condition, tissue damage, and stress in migrating juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Can J Fish Aquac Sci 61(7):1066–1107
Walencik EF, Witeska KP (2007) Studies on the haematology of certain water teleosts. Anat Anz 123:520–533
Witeska M (2013) Erythrocytes in teleost fishes: a review. Zool Ecol 23(4):275–281
Yeganeh S (2012) Seasonal changes of blood serum biochemistry in relation to sexual maturation of female common carp. Comp Clin Pathol 21(5):1059–1063
Yousefzadeh F, Khara H (2014) Changes in blood chemistry and hematological indices of Capoeta capoeta gracilis in relation to age, sex, and gegraphic location. Comp Clin Pathol 24(4):1–5
Zarejabad AM, Sudagar M, Pouralimotlagh S, Bastami KD (2010) Effects of rearing temperature on hematological and biochemical parameters of great sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758) juveniles. Comp Clin Pathol 19(4):367–371
Zhao H, Panase P, Zhang Z, Yao P, Zhang Y, Suwannapoom C (2018) Hematological and plasma biochemical values for Rhinogobio ventralis in the Yangtze River China. Com Clin Pathol 27(3):741–745
Acknowledgments
The authors are very grateful to the Head of the Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, for providing the necessary laboratory facilities, and would like to thank the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi for providing financial assistance through a DST-INSPIRE fellowship to K. J.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed by the authors.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jan, K., Ahmed, I. The influence of sex and season on some hematological and biochemical parameters of snow trout Schizothorax labiatus in the Indian Himalayan Region. Fish Sci 87, 39–54 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-020-01469-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-020-01469-3