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11C-acetate for positron emission tomography imaging of clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma: comparison with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose for imaging and evaluation of tumor aggressiveness

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Abstract

Background

To determine the usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) with 11C-acetate (AC) for imaging lung adenocarcinoma and evaluating its tumor aggressiveness, AC- and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET were compared.

Methods

One hundred and sixty-nine adenocarcinomas with clinical stage IA and 53 benign nodules were examined by both AC- and FDG-PET before surgery. The sensitivity and specificity for discriminating benign/adenocarcinoma were compared between AC- and FDG-PET. The AC and FDG uptakes were examined to determine the relationship with tumor aggressiveness, i.e., pathological tumor stage, lymphatic, vascular, or pleural involvement, and proliferative activity determined by Ki-67 staining score.

Results

While the sensitivity of AC-PET was significantly higher than FDG-PET for bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) and well-differentiated (W/D) adenocarcinoma (p < 0.001 and 0.006, respectively), there was no significant difference for moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The specificity was not different between them. While FDG uptakes were significantly higher in tumors with pathological advanced stages or those with lymphatic, vascular and/or pleural involvements than in tumors with pathological stage IA or those without these tumor involvements (p = 0.04 to p < 0.001), AC uptake did not show significant differences between the respective sub-groups except according to the tumor stage. While both AC and FDG uptakes showed a significant correlation with Ki-67 staining scores (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively), the correlation coefficient of former was lower than that of latter (p = 0.07).

Conclusions

While AC-PET can image BAC and W/D adenocarcinoma with a higher sensitivity than FDG-PET, it cannot evaluate tumor aggressiveness of clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma as well as FDG-PET.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by, in part, Grant-in-Aid from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan

    Hidekatsu Shibata & Hiroaki Nomori

  2. Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

    Ken-ichi Iyama

  3. Nishidai Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

    Kimiichi Uno & Kazuya Sakaguchi

  4. Department of Radiological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

    Katsumi Tomiyoshi

  5. Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center, Kumamoto, Japan

    Rumi Nakashima

  6. Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Hidekatsu Shibata & Tomoyuki Goya

  7. Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Iwao Takanami

  8. Nippon Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Kiyoshi Koizumi

  9. Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan

    Takashi Suzuki

  10. Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Masahiro Kaji

  11. Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Hirotoshi Horio

  12. Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroaki Nomori

Authors
  1. Hidekatsu Shibata
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  2. Hiroaki Nomori
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  3. Kimiichi Uno
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  4. Ken-ichi Iyama
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  5. Katsumi Tomiyoshi
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  6. Rumi Nakashima
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  7. Kazuya Sakaguchi
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  8. Tomoyuki Goya
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  9. Iwao Takanami
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  10. Kiyoshi Koizumi
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  11. Takashi Suzuki
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  13. Hirotoshi Horio
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hiroaki Nomori.

Appendix

Appendix

The following investigators participated in the study: H. Nomori, H. Shibata, K. Iyama, K. Tomiyoshi: Graduate School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University; K. Sakaguchi and K. Uno: Nishidai Clinic, Tokyo, Japan; R. Nakashima: Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center; T. Goya: Kyorin University Hospital; I. Takanami: Teikyo University Hospital; T. Suzuki: Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital; K. Koizumi: Nippon Medical University Hospital; M. Kaji: Saiseikai Central Hospital; H. Horio: Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital.

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Shibata, H., Nomori, H., Uno, K. et al. 11C-acetate for positron emission tomography imaging of clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma: comparison with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose for imaging and evaluation of tumor aggressiveness. Ann Nucl Med 23, 609–616 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-009-0278-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-009-0278-9

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