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Effect of Severe Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia on Neonatal Platelet Indices

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The Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the effect of maternal iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on fetal thrombopoiesis.

Methods

In this prospective observational study, maternal and cord blood iron status parameters (serum iron, serum ferritin, total iron-binding capacity, and transferrin saturation), and platelet indices, such as, absolute platelet count (APC), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit, were estimated in a convenient sample of 142 mothers with IDA (hemoglobin <11 g/dl and serum ferritin <12 ng/ml) and an equal number of healthy non-anemic (hemoglobin ≥11 g/dl) mothers, who delivered singleton live neonates at term gestation. Mothers with antenatal thrombocytopenia, infections, inflammatory conditions, pregnancy-induced hypertension and neonates with perinatal asphyxia, sepsis and congenital malformations were excluded.

Results

For statistical analysis, the IDA group was further subdivided into mild-to-moderate (hemoglobin 7–10.9 g/dl) and severe (hemoglobin <7 g/dl) anemia. Cord blood APC and PDW were comparable between non-anemic and mild-to-moderate anemic mothers (242,550 ± 54,320/μL vs. 235,260 ± 34,620/μL for APC and 16.2 ± 1.4 vs. 16.4 ± 1.8 fl for PDW, respectively), but in severe IDA group, cord blood APC and PDW were significantly lower (74,520 ± 12,380/μL and 17.8 ± 2.1 fl, respectively, p < 0.001). MPV and plateletcrit were comparable. None of the study neonates had a platelet count <30,000/μL or showed any evidence of clinical bleeding.

Conclusions

Neonates born to mothers with severe IDA had moderate thrombocytopenia with increased PDW, though no change was observed in MPV and plateletcrit. Further studies should be carried out to identify the cause and consequences of this observation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank all the residents who managed the neonates and all the mother-infant pairs who were included in the study.

Contributions

SB: Conceptualization and design of the study, collection of data, patient management, critical literature review and drafting of the manuscript; NK: Concept and study design, collection of samples, patient management, literature review and drafting of the manuscript; RS: Concept and study design, biochemical analysis of samples, literature review and drafting of the manuscript; AK: Concept and study design, patient management, critical literature review and drafting of the manuscript. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript. SB will act as guarantor for this paper.

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None.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Institure of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India

    Sriparna Basu, Naveen Kumar & Ashok Kumar

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Institure of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

    Ragini Srivastava

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  1. Sriparna Basu
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  2. Naveen Kumar
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  3. Ragini Srivastava
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  4. Ashok Kumar
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Correspondence to Sriparna Basu.

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Basu, S., Kumar, N., Srivastava, R. et al. Effect of Severe Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia on Neonatal Platelet Indices. Indian J Pediatr 82, 1091–1096 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-015-1775-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-015-1775-6

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