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Effects of Chronic Photobiomodulation with Transcranial Near-Infrared Laser on Brain Metabolomics of Young and Aged Rats

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Abstract

Since laser photobiomodulation has been found to enhance brain energy metabolism and cognition, we conducted the first metabolomics study to systematically analyze the metabolites modified by brain photobiomodulation. Aging is often accompanied by cognitive decline and susceptibility to neurodegeneration, including deficits in brain energy metabolism and increased susceptibility of nerve cells to oxidative stress. Changes in oxidative stress and energetic homeostasis increase neuronal vulnerability, as observed in diseases related to brain aging. We evaluated and compared the cortical and hippocampal metabolic pathways of young (4 months old) and aged (20 months old) control rats with those of rats exposed to transcranial near-infrared laser over 58 consecutive days. Statistical analyses of the brain metabolomics data indicated that chronic transcranial photobiomodulation (1) significantly enhances the metabolic pathways of young rats, particularly for excitatory neurotransmission and oxidative metabolism, and (2) restores the altered metabolic pathways of aged rats towards levels found in younger rats, mainly in the cerebral cortex. These novel metabolomics findings may help complement other laser-induced neurocognitive, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects described in the literature.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Facility at Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio) and Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) for the use of the NMR spectrometer.

Funding

This study was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão (CEPID; 2013/08028-1 and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP; #2017/16443-0). Francisco Gonzalez-Lima was supported by the Oskar Fischer Project Fund. Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; 307839/2015-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido Xavier de Almeida e Souza, 200, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, CEP 08780-911, Brazil

    Fabrízio dos Santos Cardoso & Sérgio Gomes da Silva

  2. Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Fabrízio dos Santos Cardoso & Francisco Gonzalez-Lima

  3. Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Júlio César Claudino dos Santos

  4. Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Bruno Henrique Silva Araújo

  5. Laboratory of Biophotonics and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraíba (UNIVAP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins

  6. Centro Universitário UNIFAMINAS (UNIFAMINAS), Muriaé, MG, Brazil

    Sérgio Gomes da Silva

  7. Hospital do Câncer de Muriaé, Fundação Cristiano Varella (FCV), Muriaé, MG, Brazil

    Sérgio Gomes da Silva

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  1. Fabrízio dos Santos Cardoso
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  3. Francisco Gonzalez-Lima
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  4. Bruno Henrique Silva Araújo
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Highlights

(1) Photobiomodulation increases the brain metabolic pathways of young rats.

(2) Photobiomodulation restores the brain metabolic pathways of aged rats towards the levels of younger rats.

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dos Santos Cardoso, F., dos Santos, J.C.C., Gonzalez-Lima, F. et al. Effects of Chronic Photobiomodulation with Transcranial Near-Infrared Laser on Brain Metabolomics of Young and Aged Rats. Mol Neurobiol 58, 2256–2268 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-020-02247-z

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