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In Vitro Wound Healing Activity of Wheat-Derived Nanovesicles

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Abstract

Triticum aestivum plant extracts are often used as a natural healer in traditional medicine but which particles mainly have role in these processes are not scientifically proven. In other words, no attempts have been made to investigate the effects of wheat exosomes in regenerative medicine applications or drug development up to now. The current study was first time performed to demonstrate the activity of wheat exosomes in wound healing process using in vitro approaches. Although its fundamental wound healing process remains a mystery, in the current study, the efficiency of wheat grass juice–derived exosomes on cell viability and migration was examined. Increasing concentrations up to 200 μg/mL of the wheat exosome have yielded astonishing proliferative and migratory effects on endothelial, epithelial, and dermal fibroblast cells. RT-PCR analysis also showed collagen type I; mRNA levels were approximately twofold higher in expression after treating with 200 μg/mL wheat exosome. Additionally, Annexin V staining of apoptotic cells accompanied with the cell cycle analysis resulted with the reduction of the apoptotic cell number with no dispersion to the cell cycle analysis while plant exosomes have also increased tube-like structure formation of the endothelial cells. All in all, this research suggests a brand-new opening for skin wound healing therapy strategy by using wheat-derived exosomes due to its proliferative and migratory characteristics. Plant exosomes require a further research both clinically and in in vivo for wound healing drug development. Moreover, plant exosome therapy strategies would be safer and economical alternative for clinical wound healing.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Pakize Neslihan Taşlı for her help.

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Author notes

  1. Polen Koçak and Merve Yıldırım Güneş contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, 26 Ağustos Campus, Kayisdagi cad., Kayisdagi, TR-34755, Istanbul, Turkey

    Fikrettin Şahin, Polen Koçak, Merve Yıldırım Güneş, İrem Özkan, Ezgi Yıldırım & Ezgi Yağmur Kala

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  1. Fikrettin Şahin
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Correspondence to Fikrettin Şahin.

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Şahin, F., Koçak, P., Güneş, M.Y. et al. In Vitro Wound Healing Activity of Wheat-Derived Nanovesicles. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 188, 381–394 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-018-2913-1

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