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Vegetable oil production in vegetative plant tissues

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Abstract

Vegetable oils, which are stored in seeds as triacylglycerol (TAG), represent a valuable source of food, fuel, and industrial raw materials. Given the increasing demand for vegetable oils, it is essential to increase vegetable oil production in a sustainable manner. To boost the supply of vegetable oil, strategies to produce oils in the vegetative tissues of biomass crops are being investigated. Producing oils in leaves is challenging, due to the major role of leaves in producing sugars, via photosynthesis, that are then transported to storage tissues. Several strategies have been developed to overcome this limitation, such as increasing fatty acid and TAG biosynthesis, stabilizing lipid droplets, and reducing carbon flux to starch biosynthesis in the leaves. For example, overexpressing the WRINKLED 1 (WRI1) transcription factor, which upregulates fatty acid biosynthesis; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE 1 (DGAT1) enzymes, which participate in the last step of TAG biosynthesis; and oleosin, which stabilizes oil droplets and simultaneously suppressing the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in lipogenesis and lipases led to the accumulation of significant levels of oil in leaves in tobacco, Arabidopsis, and sugarcane. To facilitate the sustainable production of biofuels and industrial raw materials, efforts are underway to modulate metabolic flux between the carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis pathways in non-edible biomass plants that can grow on barren or reclaimed lands.

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Acknowledgements

This study was conducted with the support of the Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ01257102), the National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Next-generation BioGreen 21 Program (NBG21 PMBC Project No. PJ01115101), The Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (IPET)(116079-03 and 316087-4), Republic of Korea, and the Mid-Career Researcher Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2B4007096).

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  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea

    Kyeong-Ryeol Lee, Eun-Ha Kim, Kyung-Hwan Kim & Jong-Sug Park

  2. Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea

    Hyun Uk Kim

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  1. Kyeong-Ryeol Lee
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Correspondence to Kyeong-Ryeol Lee or Hyun Uk Kim.

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Lee, KR., Kim, EH., Kim, KH. et al. Vegetable oil production in vegetative plant tissues. Plant Biotechnol Rep 11, 385–395 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-017-0460-9

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