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Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

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Abstract

Increasing applications of metal oxide nanoparticles and their release in the natural environment is a serious concern due to their toxic nature. Therefore, it is essential to have eco-friendly solutions for the remediation of toxic metal oxides in an aqueous environment. In the present study, eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) are synthesized using solvothermal technique and successfully characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM respectively) and powder X-Ray diffraction (PXRD). These IONPs were further utilized for the remediation of toxic metal oxide nanoparticle, i.e., CeO2. Sorption experiments were also performed in complex aqueous solutions and real water samples to check its applicability in the natural environment. Reusability study was performed to show cost-effectiveness. Results show that these 200 nm-sized spherical IONPs, as revealed by SEM and TEM analysis, were magnetite (Fe3O4) and contained short-range crystallinity as confirmed from XRD spectra. Sorption experiments show that the composite follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Further R2>0.99 for Langmuir sorption isotherm suggests chemisorption as probable removal mechanism with monolayer sorption of CeO2 NPs on IONP. More than 80% recovery of adsorbed CeO2 NPs through ultrasonication and magnetic separation of reaction precipitate confirms reusability of IONPs. Obtained removal % of CeO2 in various synthetic and real water samples was>90% signifying that IONPs are candidate adsorbent for the removal and recovery of toxic metal oxide nanoparticles from contaminated environmental water samples.

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Acknowledgements

We recognize financial support from the SERB-Ramanujan Fellowship grant (SB/S2/RJN-006/2016) and SERB-ECR project grant (ECR/2017/000707) from Department of Science and Technology (DST), India. We are also thankful to the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata’s central instrumentation facility for TEM, FESEM, and PXRD analysis.

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Author notes

  1. Kanha Gupta and Nitin Khandelwal have conducted the experiments and contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, Pincode 741246, India

    Kanha Gupta

  2. Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, Pincode 741246, India

    Nitin Khandelwal & Gopala Krishna Darbha

  3. Center for Climate & Environmental Studies, IISER Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, Pincode 741246, India

    Gopala Krishna Darbha

Authors
  1. Kanha Gupta
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  2. Nitin Khandelwal
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  3. Gopala Krishna Darbha
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gopala Krishna Darbha.

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Highlights

• Eco-friendly IONPs were synthesized through solvothermal method.

• IONPs show very high removal efficiency for CeO2 NPs i.e. 688 mg/g.

• Removal was >90% in all synthetic and real water samples.

• >80% recovery of CeO2 NPs through sonication confirms reusability of IONPs.

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Gupta, K., Khandelwal, N. & Darbha, G.K. Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 14, 15 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1194-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1194-4

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