Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn to water spinach from a polluted soil amended with lime and organic materials

  • SOILS, SEC 2 • GLOBAL CHANGE, ENVIRON RISK ASSESS, SUSTAINABLE LAND USE • RESEARCH ARTICLE
  • Published:
Journal of Soils and Sediments Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The transfer of heavy metals from soil to crops comprises several steps, including soil-to-root and subsequent root-to-shoot tranfer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different steps of soil-to-crop transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn.

Materials and methods

This study was carried out with a greenhouse pot experiment using a soil polluted with Cd, Pb, and Zn which was amended with rice straw, pig manure, sheep dung, or peat, with and without lime. Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) was used as the test crop and was grown after a season of rice cultivation.

Results and discussion

The results showed that all the amendments promoted the root-to-shoot transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn. The soil-to-root transfer factors (TFs) of Pb and Zn tended to increase with increasing available Pb and Zn in the soils, while no clear relationship between the TF of Cd and available soil Cd was observed. The root-to-shoot TF of Cd, Pb, and Zn tended to decrease with increasing available amounts in the soils and were negatively correlated with the concentrations of the metals in the roots (r Cd = 0.820, r Pb = 0.789, r Zn = 0.769).

Conclusions

The soil-to-root transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn was significantly different from the root-to-shoot transfer. The soil-to-root transfer was mainly influenced by the amount of available metal in soil, whereas the root-to-shoot transfer was mainly controlled by the concentrations of the metals in the root.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amini M, Khademi H, Afyuni M, Abbaspour KC (2005) Variability of available cadmium in relation to soil properties and landuse in an arid region in central Iran. Water Air Soil Pollut 162:205–218

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Basta NT, Ryan JA, Chaney RL (2005) Trace element chemistry in residual-treated soils: key concepts and metal bioavailability. J Environ Qual 34:49–63

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belleghem FV, Cuypers A, Semane B, Smeets K, Vangronsveld J, d’Haen J, Valcke R (2007) Subcellular localization of cadmium in roots and leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. New Phytol 173:495–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolan NS, Adriano DC, Mani PA, Duraisamy A (2003) Immobilization and phytoavailability of cadmium in variable charge soils. II. Effect of lime addition. Plant Soil 251:187–198

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaney RL, Ryan JA (1993) Heavy metals and toxic organic pollutants in MSW-composts: research results on phytoavailability, bioavailability, fate, etc. In: Hoitink HAJ, Keener HM (eds) Science and engineering of composting: design, environmental. Microbiological and utilization aspects. Renaissance, Worthington, pp 451–506

    Google Scholar 

  • Dudka S, Piotrowska M, Terelak H (1996) Transfer of cadmium, lead, and zinc from industrially contaminated soil to crop plants: a field study. Environ Pollut 94:181–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gigliotti G, Businelli D, Giusquiani PL (1996) Trace metals uptake and distribution in corn plants grown on a 6-year urban waste compost amended soil. Agr Ecosyst Environ 58:199–206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goulding KWT, Blake L (1998) Land use, liming and the mobilization of potentially toxic metals. Agr Ecosyst Environ 67:135–144

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gray CW, Dunham SJ, Dennis PG, Zhao FJ, McGrath SP (2006) Field evaluation of in situ remediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil using lime and red-mud. Environ Pollut 142:530–539

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greger M, Löfstedt M (2004) Comparison of uptake and distribution of cadmium in different cultivars of bread and durum wheat. Crop Sci 44:501–507

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greger M, Brammer E, Lindberg S, Larsson G, Idestam-Almquist J (1991) Uptake and physiological effects of cadmium in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) related to mineral provision. J Exp Bot 42:729–737

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamon RE, Holm PE, Lorenz SE, McGrath SP, Christensen TH (1999) Metal uptake by plants from sludge-amended soils: caution is required in the plateau interpretation. Plant Soil 216:53–64

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart JJ, Welch RM, Norvell WA, Sullivan LA, Kochian LV (1998a) Characterization of cadmium bnding, uptake, and translocation in intact seedlings of bread and durum wheat cultivars. Plant Physiol 116:1413–1420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart JJ, Norvell WA, Welch RM, Sullivan LA, Kochian LV (1998b) Characterization of zinc uptake, binding, and translocation in intact seedlings of bread and durum wheat cultivars. Plant Physiol 118:219–226

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart JJ, Welch RM, Norvell WA, Kochian LV (2006) Characterization of cadmium uptake, translocation and storage in near-isogenic lines of durum wheat that differ in grain cadmium concentration. New Phytol 172:261–271

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kabala C, Singh B (2001) Fraction and mobility of copper, lead, and zinc in soil profiles in the vicinity of a copper smelter. J Environ Qual 30:485492

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss M, Wolfgang W, Kobza J, Zech W (2002) Predicting heavy metal transfer from soil to plant: potential use of Freundlich-type functions. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 165:3–8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kukier U, Peters CA, Chaney RL, Angle JS, Roseberg RJ (2004) The effects of pH on metal accumulation in two Alyssum species. J Environ Qual 33:2090–2102

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Lee JS, Choi YJ, Kim JG (2009) In situ stabilization of cadmium-, lead-, and zinc-contaminated soil using various amendments. Chemosphere 77:1069–1075

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lei M, Tie BQ, Williams PN, Zheng YM, Huang YZ (2011) Arsenic, cadmium, and lead pollution and uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in greenhouse. J Soils Sediments 11:115–123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li ST, Liu RL, Wang M, Wang XB, Shan H, Wang HT (2006) Phytoavailability of cadmium to cherry-red radish in soils applied composted chicken or pig manure. Geoderma 136:260–271

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li P, Wang XX, Zhang TL, Zhou DM, He YQ (2008) Effects of several amendments on rice growth and uptake of copper and cadmium from a contaminated soil. J Environ Sci 20:449–455

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin DS, Zhou QX (2009) Effects of soil amendments on the extractability and speciation of cadmium, lead, and copper in a contaminated soil. B Environ Contam Toxicol 83:136–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Logan TJ, Lindsay BJ, Coins LE, Ryan JA (1997) Field assessment of sludge metal bioavailability to crops: sludge rate response. J Environ Qual 26:534–550

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luo D, Zheng HF, Chen YH, Wang G, Ding FH (2010) Transfer characteristics of cobalt from soil to crops in the suburban areas of Fujian Province, southeast China. J Environ Manage 91:2248–2253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McBride MB (1995) Toxic metal accumulation from agricultural use of sludge: are USEPA regulations protective? J Environ Qual 24:5–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murray H, Pinchin TA, Macfie SM (2011) Compost application affects metal uptake in plants grown in urban garden soils and potential human health risk. J Soils Sediments 11:815–829

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Page V, Weisskopf L, Feller U (2006) Heavy metals in white lupin: uptake, root-to-shoot transfer and redistribution within the plant. New Phytol 171:329–341

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perriguey J, Sterckeman T, Morel JL (2008) Effect of rhizosphere and plant-related factors on the cadmium uptake by maize (Zea mays L.). Environ Exp Bot 63:333–341

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pichtel J, Anderson M (1997) Trace metal bioavailability in municipal solid waste and sewage sludge composts. Bioresour Technol 60:223–239

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Redjala T, Sterckeman T, Morel JL (2009) Cadmium uptake by roots: contribution of apopla membrane transport systems Tanegmart. Environ Exp Bot 67:235–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sato A, Takeda H, Oyanagi W, Nishihara E, Murakami M (2010) Reduction of cadmium uptake in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) by soil amendment with animal waste compost. J Hazard Mater 181:298–304

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SEPAC (State Environmental Protection Administration of China) (1995) Environmental quality standard for soils, GB15618-1995

  • Seuntjens P, Nowack B, Schulin R (2004) Root-zone modeling of heavy metal uptake and leaching in the presence of organic ligands. Plant Soil 265:61–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith SR (2009) A critical review of the bioavailability and impacts of heavy metals in municipal solid waste composts compared to sewage sludge. Environ Int 35:142–156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SSSC (1999) Analysis Methods for Soil and Agricultural Chemistry. China Science and Technology, Beijing (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ueno D, Yamaji N, Kono I, Huang CF, Ando T, Yano M, Ma JF (2010) Gene limiting cadmium accumulation in rice. P Nat A Sci 107:16500–16505

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walker DJ, Clemente R, Roig A, Bernal MP (2003) The effects of soil amendments on heavy metal bioavailability in two contaminated Mediterranean Soil. Environ Pollut 122:303–312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang G, Su MY, Chen YH, Lin FF, Luo D, Gao SF (2006) Transfer characteristics of cadmium and lead from soil to the edible parts of six vegetable species in southeastern China. Environ Pollut 144:127–135

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Environmental Protection and to the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China for funding this study ([2007] No. 661). The authors would like to thank Dr. Fang-Jie Zhao (Rothamsted Research, UK) and Dr. Siobhán Staunton (NRA-UMR Eco & Sols, INRA-IRD-Cirad-SupAgro, Montpellier, France) for their valuable suggestions and professional assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People’s Republic of China

    Defei Han, Dan Luo, Yanhui Chen & Guo Wang

Authors
  1. Defei Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dan Luo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yanhui Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guo Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guo Wang.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Andreas Lehman

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Han, D., Luo, D., Chen, Y. et al. Transfer of Cd, Pb, and Zn to water spinach from a polluted soil amended with lime and organic materials. J Soils Sediments 13, 1360–1368 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0711-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-013-0711-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation