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Remediation of cadmium contaminated water and soil using vinegar residue biochar

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Abstract

This study investigated a new biochar produced from vinegar residue that could be used to remediate cadmium (Cd)-contaminated water and soil. Aqueous solution adsorption and soil incubation experiments were performed to investigate whether a biochar prepared at 700 °C from vinegar residue could efficiently adsorb and/or stabilize Cd in water and soil. In the aqueous solution adsorption experiment, the Cd adsorption process was best fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models. If the optimum parameters were used, i.e., pH 5 or higher, a biochar dosage of 12 g L−1, a 10 mg L−1 Cd initial concentration, and 15-min equilibrium time, at 25 °C, then Cd removal could reach about 100%. The soil incubation experiment evaluated the biochar effects at four different application rates (1, 2, 5, and 10% w/w) and three Cd contamination rates (0.5, 1, and 2.5 mg kg−1) on soil properties and Cd fractionation. Soil pH and organic matter increased after adding biochar, especially at the 10% application rate. At Cd pollution levels of 1.0 or 2.5 mg kg−1, a 10% biochar application rate was most effective. At 0.5 mg Cd kg−1 soil, a 5% biochar application rate was most efficient at transforming the acid extractable and easily reducible Cd fractions to oxidizable and residual Cd. The results from this study demonstrated that biochar made from vinegar residue could be a new and promising alternative biomass-derived material for Cd remediation in water and soil.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Science and Technology Key Program of Shanxi Province of China (201603D21110-1); the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, MOE (KLIEEE-16-03); and the Science and Technology Key Program of Shanxi Province of China (20140311008-6).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environment Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China

    Yuxin Li, Guangpeng Pei, Yuen Zhu & Hua Li

  2. Institute of Resources and Environment Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China

    Guangpeng Pei

  3. Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China

    Xianliang Qiao

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  1. Yuxin Li
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  4. Yuen Zhu
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  5. Hua Li
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Correspondence to Hua Li.

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Li, Y., Pei, G., Qiao, X. et al. Remediation of cadmium contaminated water and soil using vinegar residue biochar. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 15754–15764 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1762-3

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