Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Removal of toxic heavy metal ions from waste water by functionalized magnetic core–zeolitic shell nanocomposites as adsorbents

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Functionalized magnetic core–zeolitic shell nanocomposites were prepared via hydrothermal and precipitation methods. The products were characterized by vibrating sample magnetometer, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The growth of mordenite nanocrystals on the outer surface of silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles at the presence of organic templates was well approved. The removal performance and the selectivity of mixed metal ions (Pb2+ and Cd2+) in aqueous solution were investigated via the sorption process. The batch method was employed to study the sorption kinetic, sorption isotherms, and pH effect. The removal mechanism of metal ions was done by chem–phys sorption and ion exchange processes through the zeolitic channels and pores. The experimental data were well fitted by the appropriate kinetic models. The sorption rate and sorption capacity of metal ions could be significantly improved by optimizing the parameter values.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Scheme 1
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ali I (2010) The quest for active carbon adsorbent substitutes: inexpensive adsorbents for toxic metal ions removal from wastewater. Sepn Purfn Rev 39:95–171

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ali I (2012) New generation adsorbents for water treatment. Chem Revs 112:5073–5091

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ali I, Asim M, Khan TA (2012) Low cost adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater. J Environ Manag 113:170–183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez-Ayuso E, Garcia-Sanchez A (2003) Removal of heavy metals from waste waters by natural and Na-exchanged bentonites. Clays Clay Miner 51:475–480

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alvarez-Ayuso E, Garcia-Sanchez A, Querol X (2003) Purification of metal electroplating waste waters using zeolites. Water Res 37:4855–4862

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arruebo M, Galan M, Navascues N, Tellez C, Marquina C, Ibarra MR (2006) Development of magnetic nanostructured silica-based materials as potential vectors for drug-delivery applications. Chem Mater 18:1911–1919

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Badillo-Almaraz V, Trocellier P, Davila-Rangel I (2003) Adsorption of aqueous Zn(II) species on synthetic zeolites. Nucl Instrum Meth B 210:424–428

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beyazit N, Ergun QN, Peker I (2003) Cu(II) removal from aqueous solution using Dogantepe (Amasya) zeolites. Int J Environ Pollut 19:150–159

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cincotti A, Lai N, Orru R, Cao G (2001) Sardinian natural clinoptilolite for heavy metals and ammonium removal: experimental and modeling. Chem Eng J 84:275–282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng YH, Qi DW, Deng CH, Zhang XM, Zhao DY (2008) Superparamagnetic highmagnetization micropheres with a Fe3O4@SiO2 core and perpendicularly aligned mesoporous SiO2 shell for removal of microcystins. J Am Chem Soc 130:28–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erdem E, Karapinar N, Donat R (2004) The removal of heavy metal cations by natural zeolites. J Colloid Interface Sci 280:309–314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fu F, Wang Q (2011) Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review. J Environ Manage 92:407–418

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giri S, Trewyn BG, Stellmaker MP, Lin VSY (2005) Stimuli-responsive controlledrelease delivery system based on mesoporous silica nanorods capped with magnetic nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed 44:5038–5044

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goyal RN, Gupta VK, Oyama M, Bachheti N (2007) Voltammetric determination of adenosine and guanosine using fullerene-C60-modified glassy carbon electrode. Talanta 71:1110–1117

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guo J, Yang WL, Wang CC, He J, Chen JY (2006) Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-coated luminescent/magnetic silica microspheres: preparation, characterization, and biomedical applications. Chem Mater 18:5554–5562

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Rastogi A (2009) Biosorption of hexavalent chromium by raw and acid-treated green alga Oedogonium hatei from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater 163:396–402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Sharma S (2003) Removal of Zinc from Aqueous Solutions Using Bagasse Fly Ash − a Low Cost Adsorbent. Ind Eng Chem Res 42:6619–6624

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Srivastava SK, Tyagi R (2000) Design parameters for the treatment of phenolic wastes by carbon columns (obtained from fertilizer waste material). Water Res 34:1543–1550

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Mittal A, Krishnan L, Mittal J (2006a) Adsorption treatment and recovery of the hazardous dye, Brilliant Blue FCF, over bottom ash and de-oiled soya. J Colloid Interface Sci 293:16–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Mitall A, Kurup L, Mittal J (2006b) Adsorption of a hazardous dye, erythrosine, over hen feathers. J Colloid Interface Sci 304:52–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Jain R, Mittal A, Mathur M, Sikarwar S (2007a) Photochemical degradation of the hazardous dye Safranin-T using TiO2 catalyst. J Colloid Interface Sci 309:464–469

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Jain R, Varshney S (2007b) Removal of Reactofix golden yellow 3 RFN from aqueous solution using wheat husk—An agricultural waste. J Hazard Mater 142:443–448

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Singh AK, Gupta B (2007c) Schiff bases as cadmium(II) selective ionophores in polymeric membrane electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 583:340–348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Ali I, Saini VK (2007d) Defluoridation of wastewaters using waste carbon slurry. Water Res 41:3307–3316

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Jain R, Varshney S (2007e) Electrochemical removal of the hazardous dye Reactofix Red 3 BFN from industrial effluents. J Colloid Interface Sci 312:292–296

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Khayat MA, Singh AK, Pal MK (2009a) Nano level detection of Cd(II) using poly(vinyl chloride) based membranes of Schiff bases. Anal Chim Acta 634:36–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Goyal RN, Sharma RA (2009b) Novel PVC Membrane Based Alizarin Sensor and its application; Determination of Vanadium, Zirconium and Molybdenum. Int J Electrochem Sci 4:156–172

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Rastogi A, Nayak A (2010) Adsorption studies on the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution using a low cost fertilizer industry waste material. J Colloid Interface Sci 342:135–141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hui KS, Chao CYH, Kot SC (2005) Removal of mixed heavy metal ions in wastewater by zeolite 4A and residual products from recycled coal fly ash. J Hazard Mater 127:89–101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jain AK, Gupta VK, Khurana U, Singh LP (1997) A new membrane sensor for UO ions based on 2-hydroxyacetophenoneoxime-thiourea-trioxane resin. Electroanalysis 9:857–860

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jain AK, Gupta VK, Jain S (2004) Removal of Chlorophenols Using Industrial Wastes. Environ Sci Technol 38:1195–1200

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jal PK, Patel S, Mishra BK (2004) Chemical modification of silica surface by immobilization of functional groups for extractive concentration of metal ions. Talanta 62:1005–1028

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim JS, Park JC, Yi J (2000) Zinc ion removal from aqueous solutions using modified silica impregnated with 2-ethylhexyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid. Sep Sci Technol 35:1901–1916

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim J, Lee JE, Lee J, Yu JH, Kim BC, An K (2006) Magnetic fluorescent delivery vehicle using uniform mesoporous silica spheres embedded with monodisperse magnetic and semiconductor nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 128:688–689

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langella A, Pansini M, Cappelletti P, Gennaro B, Gennaro M, Colella C (2000) NH4+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ exchange for Na+ in a sedimentary clinoptilolite, North Sardinia, Italy. Microporous and Mesoporous Mater 37:337–343

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langmuir I (1918) Adsorption of gases on plain surface of glass mica platinum. J Am Chem Soc 40:1361–1403

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levy L, Sahoo Y, Kim K-S, Bergey EJ, Prasad PN (2002) Nanochemistry: synthesis and characterization of multifunctional nanoclinics for biological applications. Chem Mater 14:3715–3721

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Yan B, Deng CH, Yu WJ, Xu XQ, Yang PY (2007) Efficient on-chip proteolysis system based on functionalized magnetic silica microspheres. Proteomics 7:2330–2339

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu CX, Liu Q, Guo CC (2010) Synthesis and Catalytic Abilities of Silica-coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticle Bonded Metalloporphyrins with Different Saturation Magnetization. Catal Lett 138:96–103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu X, Zhang HP, Leng Y, Fang L, Qu S, Feng B, Weng J, Huang N (2010) The effects of hydroxyl groups on Ca adsorption on rutile surfaces: a first-principles study. J Mater Sci Mater Med 21:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mittal A, Krishnan L, Gupta VK (2005) Use of waste materials—Bottom Ash and De-Oiled Soya, as potential adsorbents for the removal of Amaranth from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater 117:171–178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murray CB, Norris DJ, Bawendi MG (1993) Synthesis and characterization of nearly monodisperse CdE (E = sulfur, selenium, tellurium) semiconductor nanocrystallites. J Am Chem Soc 115:8706–8715

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Namasivayam C, Yamuna RT (1999) Studies on chromium (III) removal from aqueous solution by adsorption onto biogas residual slurry and its application to tannery wastewater treatment. Water Air Soil Pollut 113:371–384

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Namasivayam C, Jeyakumar R, Yamuna RT (1994) Dye removal from waste-water by adsorption on waste Fe(III)/Cr(III) hydroxide. Waste Manage 14:643–648

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Namasivayam C, Yamuna RT, Jayanthi J (2003) Removal of methylene blue from wastewater by adsorption on cellulosic waste, orange peel. Cell Chem Technol 37:333–339

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ngah WSW, Hanafiah MAKM (2008) Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater by chemically modified plant wastes as adsorbents: a review. Bioresource Technol 99:3935–3948

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peric J, Trgo M, Vukojevic-Medvidovic N (2004) Removal of zinc, copper and lead by natural zeolite – a comparison of adsorption isotherms. Water Res 38:1893–1899

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piaoping Y, Zewei Q, Zhiyao H, Chunxia L, Xiaojiao K, Ziyong C, Jun L (2009) A magnetic, luminescent and mesoporous core–shell structured composite material as drug carrier. Biomaterials 30:4786–4795

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reddad Z, Gerente C, Andres Y, Le-Cloirec P (2002) Adsorption of several metal ions onto a low-cost biosorbent: kinetic and equilibrium studies. Environ Sci Technol 36:2067–2073

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma P, Rajaram P, Tomar R (2008) Synthesis and morphological studies of nanocrystalline MOR type zeolite material. J Colloid Interface Sci 325:547–557

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shriver DF, Atkins PW, Langford CH (1990) Inorganic Chemistry, 1st edn. Freeman, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava NK, Majumder CB (2008) Novel biofiltration methods for the treatment of heavy metals from industrial wastewater. J Hazard Mater 151:1–8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava SK, Gupta VK, Dwivedi MK, Jain S (1995) Caesium PVC–crown (dibenzo-24-crown-8) based membrane sensor. Anal Proc 32:21–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taty-Costodes VC, Fauduet H, Porte C, Delacroix A (2003) Removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions, from aqueous solutions, by adsorption onto sawdust of Pinus sylvestris. J Hazard Mater 105:121–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang PP, Quan ZW, Lu LL, Huang SS, Lin J (2008) Bioactive, luminescent andmesoporous europium-doped hydroxyapatite as a drug carrier. Biomaterials 29:4341–4347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao WR, Gu JL, Zhang LX, Chen HR, Shi JL (2005) Fabrication of uniform magnetic nanocomposite spheres with a magnetic core/mesoporous silica shell structure. J Am Chem Soc 127:8916–8917

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhiya M, Yueping G, Huizhou L (2006) Superparamagnetic silica nanoparticles with immobilized metal affinity ligands for protein adsorption. J Magn Magn Mater 301:469–477

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

We gratefully thank the University Language Center, especially Mr. Fardin, for his cooperation in reviewing and editing this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Ave, P.O.Box 11365–9516, Tehran, Iran

    Mohsen Padervand & Mohammad Reza Gholami

Authors
  1. Mohsen Padervand
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohammad Reza Gholami
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Reza Gholami.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Vinod Kumar Gupta

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Padervand, M., Gholami, M.R. Removal of toxic heavy metal ions from waste water by functionalized magnetic core–zeolitic shell nanocomposites as adsorbents. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20, 3900–3909 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-1333-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-1333-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation