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Identification of marker-trait associations for self-compatibility in a segregating mapping population of Theobroma cacao L.

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Abstract

Increasing yield, quality, and disease resistance are important objectives for cacao breeding programs. Yield reduction in material improved for other traits is one of the main constraints caused by self-incompatibility (SI). Genes regulating SI in cacao have not been identified; therefore, knowledge of the location of genetic markers for and the effects of alleles determining SI will be useful for selecting uniformly self-compatible cultivars with higher yields. In a mapping population originating from a cross between a self-incompatible clone, Pound-7, and a self-compatible clone, UF-273, we observed important differences in flower retention at 15, 21, and 28 days after pollination. Our results suggest that the best time to measure flower retention is 15 days after pollination or later and that selecting self-compatibility (SC) thresholds is genotype specific. Using marker-trait association analysis we identified one marker, mTcCIR222, strongly associated with SC, as well as three surrounding markers (mTcCIR168, mTcCIR115 and mTcCIR158), all located near the proximal end of linkage group 4. These markers are currently being tested in our marker-assisted selection program.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Tony Alfaro and Allan Mata Quiros at CATIE. Thanks are due to Cecile Tondo and Belinda Martineau for helpful comments on the manuscript. We also would like to thank Mars, Inc. and their funding of Trust Agreement # 58-6631-6-123 that in part supported this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL, 33158, USA

    Stefan Royaert, Kathleen Cariaga, James Steven Brown, David N. Kuhn, Raymond J. Schnell & Juan Carlos Motamayor

  2. Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Turrialba, Costa Rica

    Wilbert Phillips-Mora & Adriana M. Arciniegas Leal

  3. MARS Inc., Hackettstown, NJ, 07840, USA

    Juan Carlos Motamayor

  4. MARS Inc. c/o USDA-ARS, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL, 33158, USA

    Juan Carlos Motamayor

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  1. Stefan Royaert
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  2. Wilbert Phillips-Mora
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  3. Adriana M. Arciniegas Leal
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  4. Kathleen Cariaga
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  8. Juan Carlos Motamayor
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Correspondence to Juan Carlos Motamayor.

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Communicated by D. Grattapaglia

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Royaert, S., Phillips-Mora, W., Arciniegas Leal, A.M. et al. Identification of marker-trait associations for self-compatibility in a segregating mapping population of Theobroma cacao L.. Tree Genetics & Genomes 7, 1159–1168 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-011-0403-5

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