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Response of the soil microbial community composition and biomass to a short-term Spartina alterniflora invasion in a coastal wetland of eastern China

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Abstract

Aims

Plant invasion has been reported to alter ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling processes and pools. The mechanisms involved in how plant invasion affects the soil microbial community—the primary mediator of soil C and N cycling—remain poorly understood. The objective of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of plant invasion on the soil microbial community in a coastal wetland of eastern China.

Methods

We investigated the impact of an exotic C4 perennial grass, Spartina alterniflora, on the soil microbial community structure based on phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) analysis and chloroform fumigation-extraction by comparing it to that of bare flat and native C3 plants Suaeda salsa and Phragmites australis communities.

Results

Spartina alterniflora invasion significantly increased soil microbial biomass C and the total and various types of PLFAs compared with bare flat, Suaeda salsa and Phragmites australis communities. Increased concentrations of soil moisture, electrical conductivity, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), and total, labile and recalcitrant soil organic C and N, and decreased soil pH in Spartina alterniflora community explained 65.9 % of the total variability in the PLFAs. WSOC and soil labile organic N were strongly correlated with PLFAs, whereas soil pH was negatively related to PLFAs.

Conclusions

A 10-year Spartina alterniflora invasion significantly altered soil microbial biomass and community structure by increasing available substrate. The changes in soil microbial biomass and community structure may in turn enhance soil C and N sequestration in a coastal wetland of eastern China.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (grant no. 2013CB430400), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant no. 2016M590440), and the Strategic Priority Research Program B of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. XDB15010200). We thank Zhihui Shi for assistance with the fieldwork, Shuxia Fu for PLFAs extraction, and all of the members of the Jiangsu Yancheng Wetland National Nature Reserve for Rare Birds for supporting in this work. Last but not least, we appreciate two anonymous reviewers and chief editor for their insightful comments and valuable suggestions on this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science and Institute of Wetland Ecology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China

    Wen Yang, Yaner Yan, Fan Jiang, Xin Leng & Shuqing An

  2. Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Wetland Restoration, Changshu, 215500, People’s Republic of China

    Shuqing An

  3. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoli Cheng

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  1. Wen Yang
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  2. Yaner Yan
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  3. Fan Jiang
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  4. Xin Leng
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  5. Xiaoli Cheng
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Correspondence to Xin Leng or Xiaoli Cheng.

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Yang, W., Yan, Y., Jiang, F. et al. Response of the soil microbial community composition and biomass to a short-term Spartina alterniflora invasion in a coastal wetland of eastern China. Plant Soil 408, 443–456 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2941-y

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