Photosynthetica 2017, 55(1):153-163 | DOI: 10.1007/s11099-016-0240-8

Effect of sodium nitroprusside on responses of Melissa officinalis to bicarbonate exposure and direct Fe deficiency stress

R. Amooaghaie1,*, Sh. Roohollahi1
1 Biology Department, Science Faculty, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

In our study, one-month-old Melissa officinalis plants were subjected to Fe-deficiency treatments, such as 10 µM Fe (as direct iron deficiency, DD), and 30 µM Fe + 10 mM NaHCO3 + 0.5 g l-1 CaCO3 (as indirect iron deficiency, ID), and 30 µM Fe (as control) for 14 d. Both Fe-deficiency types reduced plant growth, photosynthetic pigment contents, an active Fe content in roots and leaves, root Fe(III)-reducing capacity, Fe-use efficiency, maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, a ratio of variable to basic fluorescence, and activities of antioxidant enzymes, while they increased lipid peroxidation and a H2O2 content in leaves. These effects were more pronounced in plants exposed to ID with bicarbonate than those of DD plants. We showed that sodium nitroprusside (SNP), as NO donor, could ameliorate the adverse effects of bicarbonate on above traits. The methylene blue, as NO blocker, reversed the protective effects conferred by SNP in the ID-treated plants as well as DD plants. These findings suggests that NO protects photosynthesis and growth of IDtreated plants as well as DD plants by contribution in availability and/or delivery of metabolically active iron or by changing activities of reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzymes.

Additional key words: bicarbonate; iron; lemon balm; nitric oxide; chlorophyll fluorescence

Received: July 1, 2015; Accepted: April 12, 2016; Published: March 1, 2017  Show citation

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Amooaghaie, R., & Roohollahi, S. (2017). Effect of sodium nitroprusside on responses of Melissa officinalis to bicarbonate exposure and direct Fe deficiency stress. Photosynthetica, 55(1), 153-163. doi: 10.1007/s11099-016-0240-8
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