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The Effect of Aging on Mitochondrial Complex I and the Extent of Oxidative Stress in the Rat Brain Cortex

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Abstract

One of the characteristic features of the aging is dysfunction of mitochondria. Its role in the regulation of metabolism and apoptosis suggests a possible link between these cellular processes. This study investigates the relationship of respiratory complex I with aging-related oxidative stress in the cerebral mitochondria. Deterioration of complex I seen in senescent (26-months old) mitochondria was accompanied by decline in total thiol group content, increase of HNE and HNE-protein adducts as well as decreased content of complex I subunits, GRIM-19 and NDUFV2. On the other hand, decline of complex I might be related with the mitochondrial apoptosis through increased Bax/Bcl-2 cascade in 15-month old animal brains. Higher amount of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL with the lower content of GRIM-19 could maintain to some extent elevated oxidative stress in mitochondria as seen in the senescent group. In the cortical M1 region increased presence of TUNEL+ cells and more than 20-times higher density of Fluoro-Jade C+ cells in 26-months old was observed, suggesting significant neurodegenerative effect of aging in the neuronal cells. Our study supports a scenario in which the age-related decline of complex I might sensitize neurons to the action of death agonists, such as Bax through lipid and protein oxidative stimuli in mitochondria. Although aging is associated with oxidative stress, these changes did not increase progressively with age, as similar extent of lesions was observed in oxidative stress markers of the both aged groups.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Grants VEGA 1/0129/14 from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Slovak Republic and by the project „Biomedical Center Martin“ ITMS code: 26220220187, the project is co-financed from EU sources. We thank Mrs. Zdena Cetlova for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia

    Zuzana Tatarkova, Veronika Timkova, Peter Racay, Jan Lehotsky & Peter Kaplan

  2. Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia

    Peter Racay, Jan Lehotsky & Peter Kaplan

  3. Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia

    Maria Kovalska

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  1. Zuzana Tatarkova
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  2. Maria Kovalska
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  4. Peter Racay
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  5. Jan Lehotsky
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  6. Peter Kaplan
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Correspondence to Zuzana Tatarkova.

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Tatarkova, Z., Kovalska, M., Timkova, V. et al. The Effect of Aging on Mitochondrial Complex I and the Extent of Oxidative Stress in the Rat Brain Cortex. Neurochem Res 41, 2160–2172 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-016-1931-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-016-1931-z

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