Abstract
The increasing demand for optoelectronic devices requires the development of luminescent materials with high luminescence efficiency and low energy demands, and the metalorganic frameworks (MOFs) with lanthanides ions offer great potential in this area. The metalorganic materials provide properties of flexibility, low density, low-cost methods of synthesis, and insolubility in water, which gives them an advantage over traditional phosphors. In this study, a benzenetricarboxylate ligand (BTC) with a Eu3+ MOF was synthesized, and its structural and luminescent properties were measured. The metalorganic compound was generated in a one-pot reaction from europium nitrate and trimesic acid precursors. Through characterization by X-ray diffraction powder, infrared spectroscopy, SEM structural characterization, and luminescent spectroscopy, the formation of Europium benzenetricarboxylate (Eu-BTC) MOF nanorods was tested and the calculated value was in the range of 30–60 nm. A red luminescent emission with high intensity was observed for all the procedures.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aldabergenova SB, Osvet A, Frank G, Strunk HP, Taylor PC, Andreev AA (2002) Blue, green and red emission from Ce3+, Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions in amorphous GaN and AlN thin films. J Non Cryst Solids 299–302(Part 1):709–713. doi:10.1016/S0022-3093(01)01211-X
Allendorf MD, Bauer CA, Bhakta RK, Houk RJT (2009) Luminescent metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 38:1330–1352. doi:10.1039/B802352M
Buijs M, Meyerink A, Blasse G (1987) Energy transfer between Eu3+ ions in a lattice with two different crystallographic sites: Y2O3:Eu3+, Gd2O3:Eu3+ and Eu2O3. J Lumin 37:9–20. doi:10.1016/0022-2313(87)90177-3
Bünzli J-CG (1987) The europium(III) ion as spectroscopic probe in bioinorganic chemistry. Inorg Chim Acta 139:219–222
Bünzli J-C, Eliseeva S (2011) Basics of lanthanide photophysics. In: Hänninen P, Härmä H (eds) Lanthanide luminescence, vol 7., Springer Series on FluorescenceSpringer, Berlin, pp 1–45. doi:10.1007/4243_2010_3
Cavalcante LS et al (2007) Combined experimental and theoretical investigations of the photoluminescent behavior of Ba(Ti, Zr)O3 thin films. Acta Mater 55:6416–6426. doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2007.07.049
Cui Y, Yue Y, Qian G, Chen B (2012) Luminescent functional metal-organic frameworks. Chem Rev 112:1126–1162. doi:10.1021/cr200101d
D’Vries RF, Snejko N, Iglesias M, Gutiérrez-Puebla E, Monge M (2014) Ln-MOF pseudo-merohedral twinned crystalline family as solvent-free heterogeneous catalysts. Cryst Growth Des 14:2516–2521. doi:10.1021/cg5002336
De la Rosa-Cruz E et al (2003) Luminescent properties and energy transfer in ZrO2:Sm3+ nanocrystals. J Appl Phys 94:3509–3515. doi:10.1063/1.1599960
Dereń PJ, Mahiou R, Goldner P (2009) Multiphonon transitions in LaAlO3 doped with rare earth ions. Opt Mater 31:465–469. doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2007.10.016
Görller-Walrand C, Fluyt L, Ceulemans A, Carnall WT (1991) Magnetic dipole transitions as standards for Judd–Ofelt parameterization in lanthanide spectra. J Chem Phys 95:3099–3106
Hao Z et al (2013) One-dimensional channel-structured Eu-MOF for sensing small organic molecules and Cu2+ ion. J Mater Chem A 1:11043–11050. doi:10.1039/C3TA12270K
Hesterberg TW, Yang X, Holliday BJ (2010) Polymerizable cationic iridium(III) complexes exhibiting color tunable light emission and their corresponding conducting metallopolymers. Polyhedron 29:110–115. doi:10.1016/j.poly.2009.06.014
Hu Z, Deibert BJ, Li J (2014) Luminescent metal-organic frameworks for chemical sensing and explosive detection. Chem Soc Rev 43:5815–5840. doi:10.1039/C4CS00010B
Ibarra IA, Hesterberg TW, Holliday BJ, Lynch VM, Humphrey SM (2012) Gas sorption and luminescence properties of a terbium(iii)-phosphine oxide coordination material with two-dimensional pore topology. Dalton Trans 41:8003–8009. doi:10.1039/C2DT30138E
Jin G, Liu Z, Sun H, Tian Z (2016) Pyrolytic synthesis and luminescence of porous lanthanide Eu-MOF. Luminescence 31:190–194
Jørgensen CK, Judd BR (1964) Hypersensitive pseudoquadrupole transitions in lanthanides. Mol Phys 8:281–290
Judd DB, MacAdam DL, Wyszecki G, Budde HW, Condit HR, Henderson ST, Simonds JL (1964) Spectral distribution of typical daylight as a function of correlated color temperature. J Opt Soc Am 54:1031–1040
Kwok HL (1997) Electronic materials. PWS Publishing Company, Boston
Lin J-D, Jia C-C, Li Z-H, Du S-W (2009) Syntheses, topological analyses and magnetic properties of two 3D supramolecular nickel-organic frameworks constructed from 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate and flexible imidazole-based ligands. Inorg Chem Commun 12:558–562. doi:10.1016/j.inoche.2009.04.020
Liu H, Wang L, Chen S, Zou B (2007a) Effect of concentration on the luminescence of Eu3+ ions in nanocrystalline La2O3. J Lumin 126:459–463. doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2006.09.001
Liu J, Fei X, Yu X, Tao Z, Yang L, Yang S (2007b) Highly enhanced f–f transitions of Eu3+ in La2O3 phosphor via citric acid and poly (ethylene glycol) precursor route. J Non Cryst Solids 353:4697–4701. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.06.065
Liu GX, Chen H, Zhu K et al (2008) A novel 3D europium (III) coordination polymer constructed from 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate acid: synthesis, crystal structure and emission spectrum. J Inorg Organomet Polym 18:457. doi:10.1007/s10904-008-9222-z
Liu K et al (2009a) Coordination-induced formation of one-dimensional nanostructures of europium benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate and its solid-state thermal transformation. Cryst Growth Des 9:3519–3524. doi:10.1021/cg900252r
Liu K et al (2009b) Facile shape-controlled synthesis of luminescent europium benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate architectures at room temperature. CrystEngComm 11:2622–2628. doi:10.1039/B905924P
Loera-Serna S et al (2012) Electrochemical behavior of [Cu3(BTC)2] metal–organic framework: the effect of the method of synthesis. J Alloy Compd 540:113–120. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.06.030
Loera-Serna S, Nunez LL, Flores J, Lopez-Simeon R, Beltran HI (2013) An alkaline one-pot metathesis reaction to give a [Cu3(BTC)2] MOF at r.t., with free Cu coordination sites and enhanced hydrogen uptake properties. RSC Adv 3:10962–10972. doi:10.1039/C3RA40726H
Maiti S, Pramanik A, Mahanty S (2014) Extraordinarily high pseudocapacitance of metal organic framework derived nanostructured cerium oxide. Chem Commun 50:11717–11720. doi:10.1039/C4CC05363J
Matthes PR, Schönfeld F, Zottnick SH, Müller-Buschbaum K (2015) Post-synthetic shaping of porosity and crystal structure of Ln-Bipy-MOFs by thermal treatment. Molecules 20:12125–12153. doi:10.3390/molecules200712125
Medina DY, Orozco S, Hernandez I, Hernandez RT, Falcony C (2011) Characterization of europium doped lanthanum oxide films prepared by spray pyrolysis. J Non Cryst Solids 357:3740–3743. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2011.07.021
Mirochnik AG, Petrochenkova NV, Zhikhareva PA (2014) White-light-emitting Eu(III)-bi-doped macromolecular complexes. Opt Spectrosc 116:377–378. doi:10.1134/S0030400X14030138
Morales RamÍrez ÁdJ, Sarabia Dominguez F, Medina Velazquez DY, Jaramillo Vigueras D, GarcÍa Hernández M, Dorantes Rosales HJ (2014) Synthesis and photoluminescent properties of Y2O3:Eu3+ thin films prepared from F127-containing solution. J Ceram Soc Jpn 122:701–707. doi:10.2109/jcersj2.122.701
Park J, Lim M, Kim C, Park H, Han C-H, Choi S (2003) Luminescence properties of LaOX (X = F, Cl, Br): Eu phosphors. J Mater Sci Lett 22:477–478. doi:10.1023/A:1022936401386
Qu Y, Ke Y, Lu S, Fan R, Pan G, Li J (2005) Hydrothermal synthesis, structures and spectroscopy of 2D lanthanide coordination polymers built from helical chains: [Ln2(BDC)3(H2O)2]n (Ln = Sm, 1; Ln = Eu, 2; BDC = 1,3-benzenedicarboxylate). J Mol Struct 734:7–13. doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2004.03.035
Ren Y-W et al (2011) 1,4-phenylenediacetate-based Ln MOFs—synthesis, structures, luminescence, and catalytic activity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011:4369–4376. doi:10.1002/ejic.201100523
Rocha J, Carlos LD, Paz FAA, Ananias D (2011) Luminescent multifunctional lanthanides-based metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 40:926–940. doi:10.1039/C0CS00130A
Shi F-N, Ananias D, Yang T-H, Rocha J (2013) Synthesis and characterization of polymorphs of photoluminescent Eu(III)-(2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, oxalic acid) MOFs. J Solid State Chem 204:321–328. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2013.05.034
Singh LR, Ningthoujam RS, Sudarsan V, Iti S, Singh SD, Dey GK, Kulshreshtha SK (2008) Luminescence study on Eu3+ doped Y2O3 nanoparticles: particle size, concentration and core–shell formation effects. Nanotechnology 19:055201
Song X-Z, Song S-Y, Zhang H-J (2015) Luminescent lanthanide metal-organic frameworks. In: Cheng P (ed) Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks, vol 163., Structure and BondingSpringer, Berlin, pp 109–144. doi:10.1007/430_2014_160
Stanley JM, Holliday BJ (2012) Luminescent lanthanide-containing metallopolymers. Coord Chem Rev 256:1520–1530. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2012.03.046
Su J, Zhang QL, Shao SF, Liu WP, Wan SM, Yin ST (2009) Phase transition, structure and luminescence of Eu:YAG nanophosphors by co-precipitation method. J Alloy Compd 470:306–310. doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.02.045
Trung TK et al (2008) Hydrocarbon adsorption in the flexible metal organic frameworks MIL-53(Al, Cr). J Am Chem Soc 130:16926–16932. doi:10.1021/ja8039579
Vicentini G, Zinner LB, Zukerman-Schpector J, Zinner K (2000) Luminescence and structure of europium compounds. Coord Chem Rev 196:353–382. doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(99)00220-9
Volanti DP, Rosa ILV, Paris EC, Paskocimas CA, Pizani PS, Varela JA, Longo E (2009) The role of the Eu3+ ions in structure and photoluminescence properties of SrBi2Nb2O9 powders. Opt Mater 31:995–999. doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2008.11.006
Wang Y, Zuo R, Zhang C, Zhang J, Zhang T (2015) Low-temperature-fired ReVO4 (Re = La, Ce) microwave dielectric ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 98:1–4. doi:10.1111/jace.13378
Weng YH, Cheng JK, Feng YL, Zhang J, Li ZJ, Yao YG (2005) Synthesis and crystal structure of [La(BTC)(H2O)6]n. Chin J Struct Chem 12:1440–1444
Xu B, Guo H, Wang S, Li Y, Zhang H, Liu C (2012) Solvothermal synthesis of luminescent Eu(BTC)(H2O)DMF hierarchical architecture. CrystEngComm 14:2914–2919
Yang W, Feng J, Zhang H (2012) Facile and rapid fabrication of nanostructured lanthanide coordination polymers as selective luminescent probes in aqueous solution. J Mater Chem 22:6819–6823. doi:10.1039/C2JM16344F
Yu M, Lin J, Wang Z, Fu J, Wang S, Zhang HJ, Han YC (2002) Fabrication, patterning, and optical properties of nanocrystalline YVO4: A (A = Eu3+, Dy3+, Sm3+, Er3+) Phosphor Films via sol–gel Soft lithography. Chem Mater 14:2224–2231. doi:10.1021/cm011663y
Yu Y, Ma J-P, Dong Y-B (2012) Luminescent humidity sensors based on porous Ln3+-MOFs. CrystEngComm 14:7157–7160. doi:10.1039/C2CE26210J
Zhang D-F, Tang A, Yang L, Zhu Z-T (2012a) Potential red-emitting phosphor GdNbO4:Eu3+, Bi3+ for near-UV white light emitting diodes. Int J Miner Metall Mater 19:1036–1039. doi:10.1007/s12613-012-0666-3
Zhang QF, Hu FL, Wang SN, Sun DZ, Wang DQ, Dou JM (2012b) DMF/H2O volume-ratio-controlled assembly of 2D and 3D Ln-MOFs with 5-(pyridin-4-yl)isophthalic acid ligand. Aust J Chem 65:524–530. doi:10.1071/CH12072
Zhang F, Zhang W, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Tao Y (2014a) Luminescent characteristics and energy transfer of a red-emitting YVO4:Sm3+, Eu3+ phosphor. J Lumin 152:160–164. doi:10.1016/j.jlumin.2013.11.047
Zhang Y, Ju W, Xu X, Lv Y, Zhu D, Xu Y (2014b) Two novel mixed Eu3+/Y3+ Ln MOFs: influence of pH on the topology Eu/Y ratio and energy transfer. CrystEngComm 16:5681–5688. doi:10.1039/C4CE00513A
Zych E (2002) Concentration dependence of energy transfer between Eu3+ ions occupying two symmetry sites in Lu2O3. J Phys Condens Matter 14:5637
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank Departamento de materiales, UAM-México project No. 2260244, IPN-México SIP20140033 CONACyT projects 254280, 154736 and 153663 for financial support. We also wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of to Dr. J. N. Díaz de León (CNyN-UNAM) cDr. J. Reyes-Miranda and Eng. Fernando Almanza Hernández (UAMAzc), and Z. Rivera, (Cinvestav-IPN), and thank Oscar Francisco Rivera Dominguez, Maribel Pacheco Ramos, Hana Lopez and Daniel Cortes for their help. Finally, the authors would like to thank Henry Jankiewicz for the editing work that he did it for this paper, and to M. García Murillo for her assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Medina-Velazquez, D.Y., Alejandre-Zuniga, B.Y., Loera-Serna, S. et al. An alkaline one-pot reaction to synthesize luminescent Eu-BTC MOF nanorods, highly pure and water-insoluble, under room conditions. J Nanopart Res 18, 352 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-016-3593-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-016-3593-9