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Effects of inorganic nanofillers on the thermal degradation and UV-absorbance properties of polyvinyl acetate

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Abstract

The effects of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and calcium sulfate (CaSO4) nanoparticles on the thermal and UV-absorbing properties of polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) were analyzed in this study. Nanoparticles of CaCO3 and CaSO4 were synthesized by in situ deposition technique. The size and shape of nanoparticles were recognized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses which confirmed that the particle was having a diameter of 25–33 nm. In this technique, the surface modification of nanoparticles was done by non-ionic polymeric surfactant. PVAc/CaCO3 and PVAc/CaSO4 nanocomposites film samples with an average thickness of 30 µm and in the mass ratio of nanoparticles (0–4% (w/w)) were prepared by solution mixing technique. Chemical, structural, and elemental characterizations of nanocomposites were done by, fourier transform infrared, SEM, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses, respectively. Thermal properties of pure polymer and nanocomposites were characterized through differential scanning calorimetric, thermogravimetric, and differential thermogravimetry techniques. The glass transition temperature of nanocomposites increases with increase in content of nanoparticles. It may be due to the interaction between inorganic and organic components. The thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that the thermal degradation temperatures of nanocomposites were enhanced upon the addition of nanosized inorganic fillers. The thermal results show that PVAc/CaSO4 nanocomposites were more thermally stable than PVAc/CaCO3 nanocomposites. The addition of nanoparticles affects degradation mechanism and consequently improves thermal stability of PVAc. The reduction of polymer chain mobility and the tendency of nanoparticles to eliminate free radicals were the principal effects responsible for these enhancements. The ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorbance spectra of PVAc and its nanocomposites films show that the intensity of absorbance increases with increasing filling content, suggesting that nanocomposites films have greater UV-shielding property.

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Acknowledgements

This research study was supported by the University Grant Commission, New Delhi (India). The authors gratefully acknowledge the facilities provided by the Department of Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University, Agra, India to carry out this study successfully. The authors thank the Director, STIC (SAIF) Kochi, and IIT Chennai (SAIF) Chennai for providing FT-IR, XRD, DSC, TG/DTG, SEM, and EDS characterization facilities.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University, Agra, India

    Manoj Kumar Pal & Jaiswar Gautam

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  1. Manoj Kumar Pal
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Correspondence to Jaiswar Gautam.

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Pal, M.K., Gautam, J. Effects of inorganic nanofillers on the thermal degradation and UV-absorbance properties of polyvinyl acetate. J Therm Anal Calorim 111, 689–701 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-011-2153-x

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