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3D-printed porous titanium changed femoral head repair growth patterns: osteogenesis and vascularisation in porous titanium

  • Clinical Applications of Biomaterials
  • Original Research
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a major cause of morbidity, and total hip arthroplasty is both traumatic and expensive. Here, we created a gelatine scaffold embedded in uniquely shaped, 3D-printed porous titanium parts, which could attract and promote the proliferation of osteoblasts as well as bone regeneration, as the extracellular matrix (ECM) does in vivo. Interestingly, after hybridisation with platelets, the scaffold exhibited a low yet considerable rate of stable, safe and long-term growth factor release. Additionally, a novel ONFH model was constructed and verified. Scaffolds implanted in this model were found to accelerate bone repair. In conclusion, our scaffold successfully simulates the ECM and considerably accelerates bone regeneration, in which platelets play an indispensable role. We believe that platelets should be emphasised as carriers that may be employed to transport drugs, cytokines and other small molecules to target locations in vivo. In addition, this novel scaffold is a useful material for treating ONFH.

Graphical Abstract

An overview of the novel scaffold mimicking the extracellular environment in bone repair. a and b: A gelatine scaffold was cross-linked and freeze-dried within 3D-printed porous titanium. c: Platelets were coated onto the gelatine microscaffold after freeze-drying platelet-rich plasma. d: The microscaffold supported the migration of cells into the titanium pores and their subsequent growth, while the platelets slowly released cell factors, exerting bioactivity.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Central Laboratory and Laboratory Animal Centre of Peking Union Medical College Hospital and the National High-tech R&D Programme of China for the provided support (863 Programme) (2015AA020316, 2015AA033601). We would also like to thank Uppsala University in Sweden for the support provided in the preparation and verification of the scaffolds.

Author contributions

XW and ZW designed the research. WZ performed the in vitro experiments and manufactured the materials. YZ performed the animal research. WZ, QM and YW wrote the main manuscript and prepared the figures, which were reviewed by all authors.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China

      Wei Zhu, Yan Zhao, Qi Ma, Yingjie Wang & Xisheng Weng

    2. Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Bone and Joint Disease, Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, P.R. China

      Zhihong Wu

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    1. Wei Zhu
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    Correspondence to Zhihong Wu or Xisheng Weng.

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    The animal experiments in this study were approved by the Ethical Inspection Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (XHDW-2015-0034). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.

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    Zhihong Wu and Xisheng Weng contributed equally to this work.

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    Zhu, W., Zhao, Y., Ma, Q. et al. 3D-printed porous titanium changed femoral head repair growth patterns: osteogenesis and vascularisation in porous titanium. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 28, 62 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-017-5862-2

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