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Dual setting α-tricalcium phosphate cements

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Abstract

An extension of the application of calcium phosphate cements (CPC) to load-bearing defects, e.g. in vertebroplasty, would require less brittle cements with an increased fracture toughness. Here we report the modification of CPC made of alpha-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) with 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA), which is polymerised during setting to obtain a mechanically stable polymer-ceramic composite with interpenetrating organic and inorganic networks. The cement liquid was modified by the addition of 30–70 % HEMA and ammoniumpersulfate/tetramethylethylendiamine as initiator. Modification of α-TCP cement paste with HEMA decreased the setting time from 14 min to 3–8 min depending on the initiator concentration. The 4-point bending strength was increased from 9 MPa to more than 14 MPa when using 50 % HEMA, while the bending modulus decreased from 18 GPa to approx. 4 GPa. The addition of ≥50 % HEMA reduced the brittle fracture behaviour of the cements and resulted in an increase of the work of fracture by more than an order of magnitude. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the degree of transformation of α-TCP to calcium deficient hydroxyapatite was lower for polymer modified cements (82 % for polymer free cement and 55 % for 70 % HEMA) after 24 h setting, while the polymerisation of HEMA in the cement liquid was quantitative according to FT-IR spectroscopy. This work demonstrated the feasibility of producing fracture resistant dual-setting calcium phosphate cements by adding water soluble polymerisable monomers to the liquid cement phase, which may be suitable for an application in load-bearing bone defects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany

    T. Christel, M. Kuhlmann, E. Vorndran, J. Groll & U. Gbureck

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  1. T. Christel
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  2. M. Kuhlmann
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  3. E. Vorndran
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  4. J. Groll
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  5. U. Gbureck
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Correspondence to U. Gbureck.

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Christel, T., Kuhlmann, M., Vorndran, E. et al. Dual setting α-tricalcium phosphate cements. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 24, 573–581 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4828-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4828-7

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