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Aqueous V2O5/activated carbon zinc-ion hybrid capacitors with high energy density and excellent cycling stability

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Abstract

Hybrid metal-ion capacitors are designed to promote the energy density of supercapacitors with less sacrifice of power density. Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor, based on the multivalent ion storage principle, is a kind of energy storage device in which both the high energy density and power density can be achieved. Here, we propose a new configuration of zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors composed of mild aqueous ZnSO4 electrolyte, activated carbon (AC) anode and V2O5 cathode. The operating voltage of the hybrid supercapacitor can reach to 2 V in the aqueous electrolyte when the mass ratio of AC to V2O5 is 1:1. The maximum energy density of zinc-ion hybrid capacitor is about 3.9 times higher than that of AC symmetric supercapacitor, while its maximum power density is 1.7 times higher than that of zinc-ion battery. The capacity retention of the hybrid supercapacitors is 97.3% over 6000 charge–discharge cycles at 0.5 A g−1. Compared with MnO2 zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors system, the stable nature of V2O5 allows new zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors system to achieve a better cycling performance. The unique electrochemical performance, low cost and high safety of the new zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitor endow it with a very wide range of applications in consumer electronics and stationary energy storage.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the financial supports from Shenzhen Technical Plan Project (No. JCYJ20160301154114273), National Key Basic Research (973) Program of China (No. 2014CB932400), International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (No. 2016YFE0102200), and Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program (2017BT01N111).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Xinpei Ma, Jinjie Wang, Xianli Wang, Ling Zhao & Chengjun Xu

  2. State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    Xinpei Ma

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  1. Xinpei Ma
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  2. Jinjie Wang
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  3. Xianli Wang
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Correspondence to Chengjun Xu.

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Ma, X., Wang, J., Wang, X. et al. Aqueous V2O5/activated carbon zinc-ion hybrid capacitors with high energy density and excellent cycling stability. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 30, 5478–5486 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-00841-z

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