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Supercritical CO2-assisted microfluidization as ultra-high efficiency strategy for graphene preparation

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Abstract

Traditional “top-down” methods for graphene preparation, like micromechanical cleavage and ultrasound methods, usually cannot preserve both efficiency and quality simultaneously. Herein, we provide an environmental-friendly graphene exfoliating method with high efficiency and high quality that combines the microfluidization process (liquid phase) and supercritical carbon dioxide process (gas phase), namely the dual-phase exfoliating (DPE) method. The combination of effective tangential force (shearing force) and normal force (push and pull), which are originally from microfluidization and supercritical carbon dioxide process, respectively, maximizes the exfoliating efficiency. The DPE method offers a high yield of up to 70.25% for graphene preparation (941.04 g per day theoretically), while the graphene sheets could remain single or a few layers (> 80%) and around micron size. By molecular dynamic simulations, it is theoretically proved that carbon dioxide can intercalate between graphite layers and expand the interlayer spacing under supercritical conditions. This DPE method, by combining the advantages of different phase processes, provides an ideal process design perspective for large-scale preparation of other 2D materials.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 51875549, 51935012, 51935006]; the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences [2018457]; and the Key Research Program of Frontier Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Grant QYZDJ-SSW-SLH056].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Science and Technology On Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Nan Zhang, Yaoming Zhang, Chunjian Duan, Song Li, Zenghui Yang, Xinrui Zhang, Tingmei Wang & Qihua Wang

  2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Nan Zhang, Chunjian Duan, Song Li, Tingmei Wang & Qihua Wang

  3. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Nan Zhang, Chunjian Duan, Song Li & Qihua Wang

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  1. Nan Zhang
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Zhang, N., Zhang, Y., Duan, C. et al. Supercritical CO2-assisted microfluidization as ultra-high efficiency strategy for graphene preparation. J Mater Sci 56, 15653–15666 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-05903-4

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