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The difference of surgical outcomes between manifest exotropia and esotropia

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine the factors that affect ocular alignment and binocular sensory functions after strabismus surgery and compare surgical outcomes between manifest exotropia (XT) and esotropia (ET).

Methods

In a retrospective study, 41 XT and 17 ET patients who had undergone strabismus surgery were recruited. Information on type and duration of strabismus, age at onset of deviation and surgery, pre- and postoperative strabismus deviation angles, and binocular sensory functions including stereoacuity and macular fusion capacity was recorded.

Results

In all patients, the ocular alignment and binocular sensory functions improved with time following surgery. Residue strabismus deviation angles (≦ 10 prism diopters) at postoperative 1 month determined the final successful ocular alignment. In patients with final excellent binocular sensory functions, XT group restored macular fusion capacity and stereoacuity at postoperative 1 month, but ET group regained macular fusion capacity at postoperative 1 month and then restored stereoacuity at postoperative 3 months. Though XT patients showed better pre- and postoperative stereoacuity than ET patients, patients with successful ocular alignment had an odd of 4.5 in XT group and 22.5 in ET group to achieve excellent and fair binocular sensory functions.

Conclusion

Surgical correction of strabismus could improve ocular alignment and binocular sensory functions in patients with manifest strabismus, regardless of onset age, strabismus duration, or type. Postoperative 1-month status may help to predict the final motor and sensory outcomes. ET patients would benefit more final successful ocular alignment and excellent binocular sensory functions from early surgery and maintaining postoperative small deviation angle than XT patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No. 123, Dapi Rd, Niaosong Dist, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan

    Yun-Wen Chen, Sue-Ann Lin, Pei-Wen Lin & Hsiu-Mei Huang

  2. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Yun-Wen Chen

Authors
  1. Yun-Wen Chen
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  2. Sue-Ann Lin
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  4. Hsiu-Mei Huang
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Correspondence to Hsiu-Mei Huang.

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All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge, or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Cite this article

Chen, YW., Lin, SA., Lin, PW. et al. The difference of surgical outcomes between manifest exotropia and esotropia. Int Ophthalmol 39, 1427–1436 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-018-0956-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-018-0956-5

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