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Diversity in ploidy levels and nuclear DNA amounts in Korean Miscanthus species

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Abstract

Because of its high biomass productivity and nutrient-use efficiency, Miscanthus spp. have emerged as promising bioenergy crops. Polyploidism in Miscanthus species is important because it allows non-native countries to cultivate sterile types, such as triploid M. × giganteus, in order to prevent ecosystem disturbance. Although M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis are considered to be native to Korea, China, and Japan, accurate information describing the ploidy levels of these species has not yet been well established. To evaluate rough ploidy levels, 215 accessions of Miscanthus species were estimated by relative fluorescence intensities of DAPI-stained nuclei. After evaluation of rough ploidy levels, 20 plants were randomly selected by species and ploidy levels, and ploidy levels were examined by counting chromosomes, estimating propidium iodide-stained DNA content with flow cytometry, and measuring sizes of stomata and caryopsis. Among the 20 plants examined, 3 were diploid and 6 were tetraploid M. sacchariflorus (4.56 ± 0.01 and 8.90 ± 0.14 pg/2C nuclear DNA content, respectively), while 6 were diploid and 3 were triploid M. sinensis (5.40 ± 0.18 and 8.29 ± 0.33 pg/2C nuclear DNA content, respectively). One plant was a putative triploid M. × giganteus having 7.31 pg/2C nuclear DNA content, which was similar to an M. × giganteus plant from Illinois, USA having 7.23 pg/2C nuclear DNA content. We confirmed the occurrence of diploid and tetraploid M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis plants as well as a putative triploid M. × giganteus native to Korea. Thus, measurement of the size of stomata and caryopsis allowed prediction of ploidy levels in the field and laboratory.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Juvik of Illinois University for helpful advice during the preparation of this manuscript. Funding was provided by a Grant from the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration.

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  1. Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Muan, 534-833, Republic of Korea

    Youn-Ho Moon, Young-Lok Cha, Yong-Hwan Choi, Young-Mi Yoon, Bon-Cheol Koo, Jong-Woong Ahn, Gi-Hong An, Jung-Kon Kim & Kwang-Gun Park

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  1. Youn-Ho Moon
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Correspondence to Youn-Ho Moon.

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Moon, YH., Cha, YL., Choi, YH. et al. Diversity in ploidy levels and nuclear DNA amounts in Korean Miscanthus species. Euphytica 193, 317–326 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0910-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0910-6

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