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A multi-year study following BACI design reveals no short-term impact of Bti on chironomids (Diptera) in a floodplain in Eastern Austria

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Abstract

Short-term impacts of aerial application of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) on Culicidae and Chironomidae were investigated over several years in temporary waters of the Dyje and Morava floodplains in Eastern Austria. The sampling followed a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) approach with sampling dates immediately before and shortly after the application and was repeated for 3 years. To test for effects of the Bti treatment on the two Diptera families, linear mixed-effects models were used. Data analysis included the factors Before-After and Control-Impact as fixed effects, while general temporal and spatial variables were random effects. One hundred sixteen taxa of chironomids were identified. Abundance varied between 2 and 1125 larvae per m2, while culicid densities reached values of several 100 ind. per liter. Total culicid abundance significantly decreased after the Bti treatment, whereas no significant effects were found on the abundance of total chironomids and dominant chironomid subfamilies, tribes, and genera, on relative proportions of chironomid feeding guilds, diversity, and species composition. Further studies from this area are needed to extend the investigation over a period of several weeks in order to reveal possible delayed effects of the larvicide application.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Silvia Hintermaier for the chemical analyses; Georg Fürnweger, Roland Hainz, Catherine Hörl, Romana Niedermayr, and Elisabeth Sigmund for their support in field work; Mirna Ruiz-Pum for sorting the samples; and Wolfgang Lechthaler for the identification of the chironomid larvae. This study was determined by an official decision of the Federal State Government of Lower Austria and funded by the Regionalverband March-Thaya-Auen and the Verein “Biologische Gelsenregulierung entlang Thaya und March”.

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  1. DWS Hydro-Ökologie, Zentagasse 47, 1050, Vienna, Austria

    Georg Wolfram & Philipp Wenzl

  2. Verein biologische Gelsenregulierung entlang Thaya und March, Rathausplatz 1, 2273, Hohenau an der March, Austria

    Hans Jerrentrup

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Wolfram, G., Wenzl, P. & Jerrentrup, H. A multi-year study following BACI design reveals no short-term impact of Bti on chironomids (Diptera) in a floodplain in Eastern Austria. Environ Monit Assess 190, 709 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-7084-6

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