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Sources of inoculum and reappearance of spot blotch of wheat in rice–wheat cropping

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Abstract

A study was undertaken to examine the main source of inoculum of Bipolaris sorokiniana responsible for its reappearance in rice–wheat cropping regions of eastern India. Soil samples were collected at monthly intervals during April–October in the years 2000 and 2001 from fields having rice–wheat cropping. Bipolaris sorokiniana conidia were isolated and their viability was found to decline sharply with the onset of flooding in the month of August. In contrast to 82% in April, viability was 4% and <1% in August and September, respectively. Viable conidia were multiplied in the laboratory and inoculated on to susceptible cv. Sonalika under controlled conditions for test of pathogenicity. Appearance of symptoms typical to spot blotch were recorded after 7 days. Twenty-two different species (weeds and grasses) normally found to be associated with rice–wheat fields were tested for the presence of B. sorokiniana to evaluate their possible role as alternative hosts. Only three species, i.e. Setaria glauca, Echinochloa colonum and Pennisetum typhoids, were found to naturally harbour B. sorokiniana. Isolates from these hosts were tested for pathogenicity and also for their possible spread to wheat. When reisolated from these hosts, the pathogen did not infect wheat. Seeds of 25 different wheat genotypes were tested for B. sorokiniana infection. All genotypes were infected and the incidence of infection varied from 26% to 86%. Five isolates of wheat and one isolate from each of the three species (S. glauca, E. colonum and P. typhoids) were subjected to RAPD analysis. Two broad clusters were formed, suggesting that the wheat isolates were different from the isolates originating from other hosts. The results indicate that seeds are the most important source of inoculum for the reappearance of spot blotch of wheat in rice-wheat cropping systems in eastern India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221 005, Varanasi, India

    S. P. Pandey, S. Kumar, U. Kumar & A. K. Joshi

  2. Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, 221 005, Varanasi, India

    R. Chand

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  1. S. P. Pandey
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  2. S. Kumar
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  3. U. Kumar
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  4. R. Chand
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  5. A. K. Joshi
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Correspondence to R. Chand.

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Pandey, S.P., Kumar, S., Kumar, U. et al. Sources of inoculum and reappearance of spot blotch of wheat in rice–wheat cropping. Eur J Plant Pathol 111, 47–55 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-004-2404-9

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