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Evolution and Current Applications of Robot-Assisted Fracture Reduction: A Comprehensive Review

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Abstract

Robots in orthopedic surgery have been developed rapidly for decades and bring significant benefits to the patients and healthcare providers. However, robotics in fracture reduction remains at the infant stage. As essential components of the current robotic system, external fixators were used in fracture reduction, including the unilateral and Ilizarov-like ring fixators. With emerging of the industrial robots and mechanical arms, their sterilized variants were developed as the serial robots, including the traction device and robotic arm, for fracture reduction. Besides, parallel robots (e.g., Gough–Stewart platform) were devised for lower extremity traction and fracture reduction. After combining the advantages of the serial and parallel mechanisms, hybrid robots can fulfill specific clinical requirements (e.g., the joint fracture, including multiple major fragments). Furthermore, with the aid of intra-operative navigation systems, fracture reduction can be performed under real-time guidance. The paper presents a comprehensive overview of the advancement of the robots in fracture reduction and evaluates research challenges and future perspectives, including ergonomic and economic issues, operation time, artificial realities and intelligence, and telesurgery.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0110601) and the Innovation Program in Military Medicine of Chinese PLA (16CXZ043).

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Author notes

  1. Jing-Xin Zhao and Changsheng Li have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China

    Jing-Xin Zhao, Ming Hao, Li-Cheng Zhang & Pei-Fu Tang

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Changsheng Li & Hongliang Ren

  3. National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China

    Hongliang Ren

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  1. Jing-Xin Zhao
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Zhao, JX., Li, C., Ren, H. et al. Evolution and Current Applications of Robot-Assisted Fracture Reduction: A Comprehensive Review. Ann Biomed Eng 48, 203–224 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-019-02332-y

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