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The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) and its sub-scores: normative values in an Italian population sample

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Abstract

The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) is a rapid screening battery, including five sub-scales to explore different cognitive domains: attention/orientation, memory, fluency, language and visuospatial. ACE-R is considered useful in discriminating cognitively normal subjects from patients with mild dementia. The aim of present study was to provide normative values for ACE-R total score and sub-scale scores in a large sample of Italian healthy subjects. Five hundred twenty-six Italian healthy subjects (282 women and 246 men) of different ages (age range 20–93 years) and educational level (from primary school to university) underwent ACE-R and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age and education significantly influenced performance on ACE-R total score and sub-scale scores. A significant effect of gender was found only in sub-scale attention/orientation. From the derived linear equation, a correction grid for raw scores was built. Inferential cut-offs score were estimated using a non-parametric technique and equivalent scores (ES) were computed. Correlation analysis showed a good significant correlation between ACE-R adjusted scores with MoCA adjusted scores (r = 0.612, p < 0.001). The present study provided normative data for the ACE-R in an Italian population useful for both clinical and research purposes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy

    Mattia Siciliano, Simona Raimo, Dario Tufano, Giuseppe Basile, Dario Grossi, Luigi Trojano & Gabriella Santangelo

  2. Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University “Federico II”, Naples, Italy

    Franco Santangelo

  3. Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Scientific Institute of Telese, Telese Terme, BN, Italy

    Luigi Trojano

  4. IDC-Hermitage-Capodimonte, Naples, Italy

    Gabriella Santangelo

Authors
  1. Mattia Siciliano
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  2. Simona Raimo
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  3. Dario Tufano
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  4. Giuseppe Basile
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  5. Dario Grossi
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  6. Franco Santangelo
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  7. Luigi Trojano
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Correspondence to Luigi Trojano or Gabriella Santangelo.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Siciliano, M., Raimo, S., Tufano, D. et al. The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) and its sub-scores: normative values in an Italian population sample. Neurol Sci 37, 385–392 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-015-2410-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-015-2410-z

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